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In-depth investigation of thermochemical performance in a heat battery: Cyclic analysis of K2CO3, MgCl2 and Na2S

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  • Sögütoglu, L.C.
  • Donkers, P.A.J.
  • Fischer, H.R.
  • Huinink, H.P.
  • Adan, O.C.G.

Abstract

Thermochemical materials K2CO3, MgCl2 and Na2S have been investigated in depth on energy density, power output and chemical stability in view of domestic heat storage application, presenting a critical assessment of potential chemical side reactions in an open and closed reactor concept. These materials were selected based on a recent review on all possible salt hydrates, within the frame of a thermochemical heat battery and considering recent advances in heat storage application. Judged by gravimetric and calorimetric experiments in operating conditions and worst-case-scenario conditions, K2CO3 is recommended for both an open and closed system heat battery. The compound is chemically robust with a material level energy density of 1.28 GJ/m3 in an open system and 0.95 GJ/m3 in a closed system, yielding a power output of 283–675 kW/m3. Na2S and MgCl2 on the other hand are chemically not robust in heat storage application, although having a higher energy density, output power and temperature in one cycle.

Suggested Citation

  • Sögütoglu, L.C. & Donkers, P.A.J. & Fischer, H.R. & Huinink, H.P. & Adan, O.C.G., 2018. "In-depth investigation of thermochemical performance in a heat battery: Cyclic analysis of K2CO3, MgCl2 and Na2S," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 159-173.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:215:y:2018:i:c:p:159-173
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.083
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    1. Shkatulov, A.I. & Houben, J. & Fischer, H. & Huinink, H.P., 2020. "Stabilization of K2CO3 in vermiculite for thermochemical energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 990-1000.
    2. Gao, J.T. & Xu, Z.Y. & Wang, R.Z., 2020. "Experimental study on a double-stage absorption solar thermal storage system with enhanced energy storage density," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    3. Li, Wei & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Qiuwang & Zeng, Min, 2020. "Development and characteristics analysis of salt-hydrate based composite sorbent for low-grade thermochemical energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 920-940.
    4. Mikos-Nuszkiewicz, Natalia & Furmański, Piotr & Łapka, Piotr, 2023. "A mathematical model of charging and discharging processes in a thermochemical energy storage reactor using the hydrated potassium carbonate as a thermochemical material," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    5. Chen, Ziwei & Zhang, Yanan & Zhang, Yong & Su, Yuehong & Riffat, Saffa, 2023. "A study on vermiculite-based salt mixture composite materials for low-grade thermochemical adsorption heat storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PB).
    6. Chate, Akshay & Sharma, Rakesh & S, Srinivasa Murthy & Dutta, Pradip, 2022. "Studies on a potassium carbonate salt hydrate based thermochemical energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    7. Scapino, Luca & De Servi, Carlo & Zondag, Herbert A. & Diriken, Jan & Rindt, Camilo C.M. & Sciacovelli, Adriano, 2020. "Techno-economic optimization of an energy system with sorption thermal energy storage in different energy markets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    8. Houben, Jelle & Sögütoglu, Leyla & Donkers, Pim & Huinink, Henk & Adan, Olaf, 2020. "K2CO3 in closed heat storage systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 35-44.
    9. Li, Wei & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Qiuwang & Zeng, Min, 2022. "Salt hydrate–based gas-solid thermochemical energy storage: Current progress, challenges, and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    10. Li, Wei & Markides, Christos N. & Zeng, Min & Peng, Jian, 2024. "4E evaluations of salt hydrate-based solar thermochemical heat transformer system used for domestic hot water production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    11. Mazur, Natalia & Blijlevens, Melian A.R. & Ruliaman, Rick & Fischer, Hartmut & Donkers, Pim & Meekes, Hugo & Vlieg, Elias & Adan, Olaf & Huinink, Henk, 2023. "Revisiting salt hydrate selection for domestic heat storage applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).

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