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Multifunctional smart concretes with novel phase change materials: Mechanical and thermo-energy investigation

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  • D'Alessandro, Antonella
  • Pisello, Anna Laura
  • Fabiani, Claudia
  • Ubertini, Filippo
  • Cabeza, Luisa F.
  • Cotana, Franco

Abstract

Energy performance in buildings and integrated systems represents a key aspect influencing anthropogenic emissions worldwide. Therefore, novel multifunctional materials for improving envelope thermo-energy efficiency through passive techniques are presently attracting notable researchers’ effort. In this view, the integration of phase change materials (PCMs) into structural concrete showed interesting effects in enhancing the material thermal capacity while keeping proper structural strength. This work presents a multiphysics thermo-mechanical investigation concerning innovative concretes incorporating paraffin-based PCM suitable for structural-thermal multifunctional applications in high-energy efficiency building envelopes. Both classic microPCM-capsules and the novel more pioneering macroPCM-capsules with 18 °C phase transition temperature are used for the new composite preparation. Results confirm the thermal benefits of PCM and demonstrate that the addition of PCM reduces the mass density of concrete by almost twice PCMs weight. Average compressive strength decreases with increasing the amount of PCM, but its coefficient of variation is not as negatively affected, which is promising in terms of structural reliability. Indeed, a 1% weight content of microPCM and macroPCM results in reduced coefficients of variation of the compressive strength, determining an increase in characteristic compressive strength. This benefit might be associated to both a filler effect of the PCM and to a positive thermal interaction between inclusions and cement hydration products. The multifunctional analysis showed promising performance of PCM-based macro-capsules as aggregates, even if their concentration is relatively minor than the classic micro-capsules already acknowledged as effective additives for high energy efficient cement-based materials.

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  • D'Alessandro, Antonella & Pisello, Anna Laura & Fabiani, Claudia & Ubertini, Filippo & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Cotana, Franco, 2018. "Multifunctional smart concretes with novel phase change materials: Mechanical and thermo-energy investigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1448-1461.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:212:y:2018:i:c:p:1448-1461
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.014
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    2. Wang, Mei & Liu, Peng & Liu, Lang & Geng, Mingli & Wang, Yu & Zhang, Zhefeng, 2022. "The impact of the backfill direction on the backfill cooling performance using phase change materials in mine cooling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 1026-1037.
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    5. Claudia Fabiani & Anna Laura Pisello & Marco Barbanera & Luisa F. Cabeza & Franco Cotana, 2019. "Assessing the Potentiality of Animal Fat Based-Bio Phase Change Materials (PCM) for Building Applications: An Innovative Multipurpose Thermal Investigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-18, March.
    6. Sandra Cunha & Manuel Parente & Joaquim Tinoco & José Aguiar, 2024. "Leveraging Machine Learning for Designing Sustainable Mortars with Non-Encapsulated PCMs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-20, August.
    7. Yumei Wang & Jinyan Wang & Zhiheng Deng & Jianzhuang Xiao, 2023. "Studying Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Recycled Concrete by Using Ceramic Aggregate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-14, February.
    8. Maleki, Mahdi & Imani, Abolhassan & Ahmadi, Rouhollah & Banna Motejadded Emrooz, Hosein & Beitollahi, Ali, 2020. "Low-cost carbon foam as a practical support for organic phase change materials in thermal management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    9. Dervilla Niall & Roger West, 2024. "Development of Concrete Façade Sandwich Panels Incorporating Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-28, June.
    10. Ait Laasri, Imad & Es-sakali, Niima & Charai, Mouatassim & Mghazli, Mohamed Oualid & Outzourhit, Abdelkader, 2024. "Recent progress, limitations, and future directions of macro-encapsulated phase change materials for building applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    11. Reza Khakian & Mehrdad Karimimoshaver & Farshid Aram & Soghra Zoroufchi Benis & Amir Mosavi & Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy, 2020. "Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-19, May.
    12. Lin, Yaxue & Zhu, Chuqiao & Alva, Guruprasad & Fang, Guiyin, 2018. "Microencapsulation and thermal properties of myristic acid with ethyl cellulose shell for thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 494-501.
    13. Sandra Cunha & Antonella Sarcinella & José Aguiar & Mariaenrica Frigione, 2023. "Perspective on the Development of Energy Storage Technology Using Phase Change Materials in the Construction Industry: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-32, June.
    14. Cárdenas-Ramírez, Carolina & Gómez, Maryory A. & Jaramillo, Franklin & Cardona, Andrés F. & Fernández, Angel G. & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2022. "Experimental steady-state and transient thermal performance of materials for thermal energy storage in building applications: From powder SS-PCMs to SS-PCM-based acrylic plaster," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    15. Han, Weifang & Ge, Chunhua & Zhang, Rui & Ma, Zhiyan & Wang, Lixia & Zhang, Xiangdong, 2019. "Boron nitride foam as a polymer alternative in packaging phase change materials: Synthesis, thermal properties and shape stability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 942-951.
    16. Sih Ying Kong & Xu Yang & Suvash Chandra Paul & Leong Sing Wong & Branko Šavija, 2019. "Thermal Response of Mortar Panels with Different Forms of Macro-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials: A Finite Element Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-15, July.

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