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Monitoring of coal fracturing in underground coal gasification by acoustic emission techniques

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  • Su, Fa-qiang
  • Itakura, Ken-ichi
  • Deguchi, Gota
  • Ohga, Koutarou

Abstract

During the underground coal gasification (UCG) process, fracturing and cracks occur inside the gasification zone and surrounding rocks as the underground coal cavity evolves. Although fracturing activity and crack extension directly affect gasification efficiency and have environmental impacts, little research to date has focused on their effects. This study discusses the application of acoustic emission (AE) analysis for the evaluation of distinctly designed UCG models and operational parameters and describes the gasification process based on its results. We studied the cavity growth, fracturing mechanism, and the effects of various design and operational variables, such as linking-hole type, gas feed rate, and gasification agent. We found that the AE activity was closely related to the temperature change occurring inside the coal, with AE generation apparently resulting from crack initiation and extension around the coal gasification area, which occurs as a result of thermal stress. UCG modeling showed that the location of AE sources reflects the size of the gasification area and the cavity growth. In addition, the quantitative information on the located AE sources can be obtained. The introduction of a process control system into UCG modeling along with AE monitoring allowed for the real-time monitoring of the fracturing and cavity evolution inside a combustion reactor. Together, these processes have the potential to significantly reduce field risk in UCG by enabling the timely adjustment of operational parameters. Thus, AE monitoring is useful for maintaining a safe and efficient UCG process.

Suggested Citation

  • Su, Fa-qiang & Itakura, Ken-ichi & Deguchi, Gota & Ohga, Koutarou, 2017. "Monitoring of coal fracturing in underground coal gasification by acoustic emission techniques," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 142-156.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:189:y:2017:i:c:p:142-156
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.082
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    4. Zhang, Zhibo & Wang, Enyuan & Li, Nan, 2017. "Fractal characteristics of acoustic emission events based on single-link cluster method during uniaxial loading of rock," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 298-306.
    5. Hao Liu & Xiaoquan Li & Xiaoyan Liu & Yunjie Sun & Zhiwen Yang & Yuankun Zhong, 2023. "Rule Study on the Risk of Floor Water Inrush Based on the Plate Model Theory," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Yiming Yang & Ting Ai & Zetian Zhang & Ru Zhang & Li Ren & Jing Xie & Zhaopeng Zhang, 2020. "Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal Samples under Different Stress Paths Corresponding to Different Mining Layouts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-13, June.
    7. Zenon Pilecki & Robert Hildebrandt & Krzysztof Krawiec & Elżbieta Pilecka & Zbigniew Lubosik & Tomasz Łątka, 2023. "Assessment of Combustion Cavern Geometry in Underground Coal Gasification Process with the Use of Borehole Ground-Penetrating Radar," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-14, September.
    8. Wilhelm Jan Tic & Joanna Guziałowska-Tic, 2019. "The Effect of Modifiers and Method of Application on Fine-Coal Combustion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-15, November.
    9. Su, Fa-qiang & He, Xiao-long & Dai, Meng-jia & Yang, Jun-nan & Hamanaka, Akihiro & Yu, Yi-he & Li, Wen & Li, Jiao-yuan, 2023. "Estimation of the cavity volume in the gasification zone for underground coal gasification under different oxygen flow conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    10. Yubing Gao & Dongqiao Liu & Xingyu Zhang & Manchao He, 2017. "Analysis and Optimization of Entry Stability in Underground Longwall Mining," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-19, November.
    11. Yuteng Xiao & Jihang Yin & Yifan Hu & Junzhe Wang & Hongsheng Yin & Honggang Qi, 2019. "Monitoring and Control in Underground Coal Gasification: Current Research Status and Future Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, January.
    12. Su, Fa-qiang & Wu, Jun-bo & Tao-Zhang, & Deng, Qi-chao & Yu, Yi-he & Hamanaka, Akihiro & Dai, Meng-Jia & Yang, Jun-Nan & He, Xiao-long, 2023. "Study on the monitoring method of cavity growth in underground coal gasification under laboratory conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    13. Li, Wei & Li, Huaizhan & Chen, Yanpeng & Guo, Guangli & Chen, Fu & Tang, Chao & Zha, Jianfeng & Yuan, Yafei & Huo, Wenqi, 2024. "Risk analysis and production safety design of supercritical carbon dioxide storage in gasification combustion cavity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).

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