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Embodied energy and cost of high temperature thermal energy storage systems for use with concentrated solar power plants

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  • Jacob, Rhys
  • Belusko, Martin
  • Inés Fernández, A.
  • Cabeza, Luisa F.
  • Saman, Wasim
  • Bruno, Frank

Abstract

The intermittency of renewable energy systems remains one of the major hurdles preventing a large scale uptake of these technologies and concentrated solar power (CSP) systems are no different. However, CSP has the benefit of being able to store excess heat using thermal energy storage (TES). For the uptake of CSP with TES it must be demonstrated that the technology is both economically as well as environmentally feasible. This paper aims to investigate the economic and environmental impact of several TES options that are available for CSP systems. The investigated systems include an encapsulated phase change material (PCM) system, a coil-in-tank PCM system and a liquid sodium TES system. The economic impact in the current study refers to the capital cost (CAPEX) of each system including the tank, storage material, encapsulation cost (if applicable) and allowances for construction and engineering. The environmental impact of each system is accounted by calculating the embodied energy of each of the system components. Each storage system will be required to store a comparable amount of energy so that reliable conclusions can be drawn. The results from this analysis conclude that the encapsulated PCM (EPCM) and coil-in-tank system represent an embodied energy of roughly one third of the corresponding state-of-the-art two-tank molten salt system.

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  • Jacob, Rhys & Belusko, Martin & Inés Fernández, A. & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Saman, Wasim & Bruno, Frank, 2016. "Embodied energy and cost of high temperature thermal energy storage systems for use with concentrated solar power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 586-597.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:180:y:2016:i:c:p:586-597
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.027
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    10. Liu, Ming & Jacob, Rhys & Belusko, Martin & Riahi, Soheila & Bruno, Frank, 2021. "Techno-economic analysis on the design of sensible and latent heat thermal energy storage systems for concentrated solar power plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 443-455.
    11. Takasu, Hiroki & Hoshino, Hitoshi & Tamura, Yoshiro & Kato, Yukitaka, 2019. "Performance evaluation of thermochemical energy storage system based on lithium orthosilicate and zeolite," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 1-5.
    12. Mostafavi Tehrani, S. Saeed & Shoraka, Yashar & Nithyanandam, Karthik & Taylor, Robert A., 2018. "Cyclic performance of cascaded and multi-layered solid-PCM shell-and-tube thermal energy storage systems: A case study of the 19.9 MWe Gemasolar CSP plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 240-253.
    13. Ronny Gueguen & Guillaume Sahuquet & Samuel Mer & Adrien Toutant & Françoise Bataille & Gilles Flamant, 2021. "Gas-Solid Flow in a Fluidized-Particle Tubular Solar Receiver: Off-Sun Experimental Flow Regimes Characterization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-25, November.
    14. Alva, Guruprasad & Lin, Yaxue & Fang, Guiyin, 2018. "An overview of thermal energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 341-378.
    15. Wickramaratne, Chatura & Dhau, Jaspreet S. & Kamal, Rajeev & Myers, Philip & Goswami, D.Y. & Stefanakos, E., 2018. "Macro-encapsulation and characterization of chloride based inorganic Phase change materials for high temperature thermal energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 587-596.
    16. Crespi, Francesco & Toscani, Andrea & Zani, Paolo & Sánchez, David & Manzolini, Giampaolo, 2018. "Effect of passing clouds on the dynamic performance of a CSP tower receiver with molten salt heat storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 224-235.
    17. Zauner, Christoph & Hengstberger, Florian & Mörzinger, Benjamin & Hofmann, Rene & Walter, Heimo, 2017. "Experimental characterization and simulation of a hybrid sensible-latent heat storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 506-519.
    18. Mostafavi Tehrani, S. Saeed & Shoraka, Yashar & Diarce, Gonzalo & Taylor, Robert A., 2019. "An improved, generalized effective thermal conductivity method for rapid design of high temperature shell-and-tube latent heat thermal energy storage systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 694-708.
    19. Chowdhury, Jahedul Islam & Hu, Yukun & Haltas, Ismail & Balta-Ozkan, Nazmiye & Matthew, George Jr. & Varga, Liz, 2018. "Reducing industrial energy demand in the UK: A review of energy efficiency technologies and energy saving potential in selected sectors," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 1153-1178.
    20. Mostafavi Tehrani, S. Saeed & Shoraka, Yashar & Nithyanandam, Karthik & Taylor, Robert A., 2019. "Shell-and-tube or packed bed thermal energy storage systems integrated with a concentrated solar power: A techno-economic comparison of sensible and latent heat systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 887-910.
    21. Dupont, Elise & Koppelaar, Rembrandt & Jeanmart, Hervé, 2020. "Global available solar energy under physical and energy return on investment constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    22. Zhao, Bing-chen & Cheng, Mao-song & Liu, Chang & Dai, Zhi-min, 2018. "System-level performance optimization of molten-salt packed-bed thermal energy storage for concentrating solar power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 225-239.

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