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Analysis of hematite re-oxidation in the chemical looping process

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  • Breault, Ronald W.
  • Monazam, Esmail R.
  • Carpenter, Jared T.

Abstract

Very little attention has been dedicated to the carrier re-oxidation in chemical looping systems. The work presented in this paper is for the re-oxidation of partially reduced hematite from a cyclic chemical looping fixed bed process. The underlying purpose of this work is to develop engineering rates and mechanisms for the re-oxidation of partially reduced hematite that can be included in CFD models for a chemical looping process. To this end, experiments were run using nominally 1000g of hematite material in a fixed bed reactor cycling between reduction and re-oxidation. The cyclic processing began with the reduction step then proceeded to the oxidation step repeating this analysis for several cycles ranging from 5 to 10. The re-oxidation process was conducted at temperatures ranging from 745°C to 825°C and oxygen concentrations ranging between 9% and 11%. The reduction was carried out at the same temperature as the re-oxidation step at various CH4 concentrations from 5% to 9%. In this paper, cyclic induced variations in performance are presented as well as the kinetic parameters for the first cycle. The re-oxidation of the depleted hematite occurs through a 2 step parallel process in which oxygen reacts to fill the surface of each grain within the particles and then migrates through oxygen vacancy diffusion to the depleted cores of each grain.

Suggested Citation

  • Breault, Ronald W. & Monazam, Esmail R. & Carpenter, Jared T., 2015. "Analysis of hematite re-oxidation in the chemical looping process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 174-182.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:157:y:2015:i:c:p:174-182
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.015
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Yongxing & Doroodchi, Elham & Moghtaderi, Behdad, 2014. "Chemical looping combustion of ultra low concentration of methane with Fe2O3/Al2O3 and CuO/SiO2," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1916-1923.
    2. Ku, Young & Wu, Hsuan-Chih & Chiu, Ping-Chin & Tseng, Yao-Hsuan & Kuo, Yu-Lin, 2014. "Methane combustion by moving bed fuel reactor with Fe2O3/Al2O3 oxygen carriers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1909-1915.
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    1. Dilmaç, Nesibe & Dilmaç, Ömer Faruk & Yardımcı, Esra, 2017. "Utilization of Menteş iron ore as oxygen carrier in Chemical-Looping Combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 785-798.
    2. Huang, Xin & Wang, Xingjun & Fan, Maohong & Wang, Yonggang & Adidharma, Hertanto & Gasem, Khaled A.M. & Radosz, Maciej, 2017. "A cost-effective approach to reducing carbon deposition and resulting deactivation of oxygen carriers for improvement of energy efficiency and CO2 capture during methane chemical-looping combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 381-392.
    3. Nakano, Anna & Nakano, Jinichiro & Bennett, James, 2020. "Real-time high temperature investigations of an individual natural hematite ore particle for chemical looping oxygen exchange," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    4. Samuel Bayham & Ronald Breault & Justin Weber, 2017. "Chemical Looping Combustion of Hematite Ore with Methane and Steam in a Fluidized Bed Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-22, August.

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