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Retrofitting micro gas turbines for wet operation. A way to increase operational flexibility in distributed CHP plants

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  • Stathopoulos, P.
  • Paschereit, C.O.

Abstract

It is generally accepted that only flexible CHP plants could be a viable option in an electrical system with high penetration of variable renewables. Variable power-to-heat-ratios and decoupled power and heat generation will be basic requirements. Currently, the most common way to fulfill these specifications is the use of heat storage devices, whereas wet operation of gas turbines is an alternative way to achieve both goals. The current work is an analysis of a micro gas turbine adapted to operate with steam injection. A thermodynamic model is developed and a typical apartments building in Berlin, Germany is chosen as a case study. The study presumes the existence of a micro gas turbine and analyzes the results of its adaptation for wet operation. The environmental and economic performance of the new system is compared to that of its commercial counterpart. It is shown that the retrofitted turbine has longer annual operation time and higher electrical energy generation. The retrofit also proves to be an attractive investment for the German CHP market with internal rates of return reaching almost 20%.

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  • Stathopoulos, P. & Paschereit, C.O., 2015. "Retrofitting micro gas turbines for wet operation. A way to increase operational flexibility in distributed CHP plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 438-446.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:154:y:2015:i:c:p:438-446
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.05.034
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    3. Wang, Shukun & Liu, Zuming & Liu, Chao & Wang, Xiaonan, 2022. "Thermodynamic analysis of operating strategies for waste heat recovery of combined heating and power systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    4. Kim, Min Jae & Kim, Jeong Ho & Kim, Tong Seop, 2018. "The effects of internal leakage on the performance of a micro gas turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 175-184.
    5. Romero Rodríguez, Laura & Salmerón Lissén, José Manuel & Sánchez Ramos, José & Rodríguez Jara, Enrique Ángel & Álvarez Domínguez, Servando, 2016. "Analysis of the economic feasibility and reduction of a building’s energy consumption and emissions when integrating hybrid solar thermal/PV/micro-CHP systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 828-838.
    6. Stathopoulos, Panagiotis & Rähse, Tim & Vinkeloe, Johann & Djordjevic, Neda, 2019. "Steam injected Humphrey cycle for gas turbines with pressure gain combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    7. Zhang, Qing & Wang, Yuzhang & Jiang, Jiangjun & Weng, Shilie & Cao, Xiuling, 2022. "Coupling effect of key parameters of heat recovery components on the HAT cycle performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    8. Kardaś, Dariusz & Polesek-Karczewska, Sylwia & Turzyński, Tomasz & Wardach-Święcicka, Izabela & Hercel, Paulina & Szymborski, Jakub & Heda, Łukasz, 2023. "Thermal performance enhancement of a red-hot air furnace for a micro-scale externally fired gas turbine system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    9. De Paepe, Ward & Montero Carrero, Marina & Bram, Svend & Contino, Francesco & Parente, Alessandro, 2017. "Waste heat recovery optimization in micro gas turbine applications using advanced humidified gas turbine cycle concepts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 218-229.
    10. Paweł Niszczota & Maciej Chmielewski & Marian Gieras, 2022. "Fuel-Water Emulsion as an Alternative Fuel for Gas Turbines in the Context of Combustion Process Properties—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-21, November.
    11. Panagiotis Stathopoulos, 2018. "Comprehensive Thermodynamic Analysis of the Humphrey Cycle for Gas Turbines with Pressure Gain Combustion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-21, December.
    12. Montazerinejad, H. & Eicker, U., 2022. "Recent development of heat and power generation using renewable fuels: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    13. Bollas, Konstantinos & Banihabib, Reyhaneh & Assadi, Mohsen & Kalfas, Anestis, 2024. "Optimal operating scenario and performance comparison of biomass-fueled externally-fired microturbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
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    15. Renzi, Massimiliano & Patuzzi, Francesco & Baratieri, Marco, 2017. "Syngas feed of micro gas turbines with steam injection: Effects on performance, combustion and pollutants formation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 697-707.
    16. Wahiba Yaïci & Evgueniy Entchev & Michela Longo, 2022. "Recent Advances in Small-Scale Carbon Capture Systems for Micro-Combined Heat and Power Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-30, April.
    17. Rovense, Francesco & Sebastián, Andrés & Abbas, Rubén & Romero, Manuel & González-Aguilar, José, 2023. "Performance map analysis of a solar-driven and fully unfired closed-cycle micro gas turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PB).
    18. Montero Carrero, Marina & De Paepe, Ward & Bram, Svend & Musin, Frédéric & Parente, Alessandro & Contino, Francesco, 2016. "Humidified micro gas turbines for domestic users: An economic and primary energy savings analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(P2), pages 429-438.
    19. Anwar Hamdan Al Assaf & Abdulkarem Amhamed & Odi Fawwaz Alrebei, 2022. "State of the Art in Humidified Gas Turbine Configurations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-32, December.
    20. Wang, Zefeng & Han, Wei & Zhang, Na & Su, Bosheng & Gan, Zhongxue & Jin, Hongguang, 2018. "Effects of different alternative control methods for gas turbine on the off-design performance of a trigeneration system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 227-236.
    21. Stathopoulos, Panagiotis & Rähse, Tim & Vinkeloe, Johann & Djordjevic, Neda, 2020. "First law thermodynamic analysis of the recuperated humphrey cycle for gas turbines with pressure gain combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    22. Zhang, Ying & Deng, Shuai & Ni, Jiaxin & Zhao, Li & Yang, Xingyang & Li, Minxia, 2017. "A literature research on feasible application of mixed working fluid in flexible distributed energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 377-390.
    23. Guillermo Rey & Carlos Ulloa & Jose Luis Míguez & Elena Arce, 2016. "Development of an ICE-Based Micro-CHP System Based on a Stirling Engine; Methodology for a Comparative Study of its Performance and Sensitivity Analysis in Recreational Sailing Boats in Different Euro," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-14, March.
    24. De Paepe, Ward & Pappa, Alessio & Montero Carrero, Marina & Bricteux, Laurent & Contino, Francesco, 2020. "Reducing waste heat to the minimum: Thermodynamic assessment of the M-power cycle concept applied to micro Gas Turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    25. Xu, Zhen & Lu, Yuan & Wang, Bo & Zhao, Lifeng & Chen, Changnian & Xiao, Yunhan, 2019. "Experimental evaluation of 100 kW grade micro humid air turbine cycles converted from a microturbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 687-693.

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