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Experimental validation of a thermodynamic boiler model under steady state and dynamic conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Carlon, Elisa
  • Verma, Vijay Kumar
  • Schwarz, Markus
  • Golicza, Laszlo
  • Prada, Alessandro
  • Baratieri, Marco
  • Haslinger, Walter
  • Schmidl, Christoph

Abstract

Nowadays dynamic building simulation is an essential tool for the design of heating systems for residential buildings. The simulation of buildings heated by biomass systems, first of all needs detailed boiler models, capable of simulating the boiler both as a stand-alone appliance and as a system component. This paper presents the calibration and validation of a boiler model by means of laboratory tests. The chosen model, i.e. TRNSYS “Type 869”, has been validated for two commercially available pellet boilers of 6 and 12kW nominal capacities. Two test methods have been applied: the first is a steady state test at nominal load and the second is a load cycle test including stationary operation at different loads as well as transient operation. The load cycle test is representative of the boiler operation in the field and characterises the boiler’s stationary and dynamic behaviour. The model had been calibrated based on laboratory data registered during stationary operation at different loads and afterwards it was validated by simulating both the stationary and the dynamic tests. Selected parameters for the validation were the heat transfer rates to water and the water temperature profiles inside the boiler and at the boiler outlet. Modelling results showed better agreement with experimental data during stationary operation rather than during dynamic operation. Heat transfer rates to water were predicted with a maximum deviation of 10% during the stationary operation, and a maximum deviation of 30% during the dynamic load cycle. However, for both operational regimes the fuel consumption was predicted within a 10% deviation from the experimental values.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlon, Elisa & Verma, Vijay Kumar & Schwarz, Markus & Golicza, Laszlo & Prada, Alessandro & Baratieri, Marco & Haslinger, Walter & Schmidl, Christoph, 2015. "Experimental validation of a thermodynamic boiler model under steady state and dynamic conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 505-516.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:138:y:2015:i:c:p:505-516
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.10.031
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    1. Persson, Tomas & Wiertzema, Holger & Win, Kaung Myat & Bales, Chris, 2019. "Modelling of dynamics and stratification effects in pellet boilers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 769-782.
    2. Prada, A. & Gasparella, A. & Baggio, P., 2018. "On the performance of meta-models in building design optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 814-826.
    3. Stanisławski, Rafał & Robert Junga, & Nitsche, Marek, 2022. "Reduction of the CO emission from wood pellet small-scale boiler using model-based control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    4. Menegon, Diego & Soppelsa, Anton & Fedrizzi, Roberto, 2017. "Development of a new dynamic test procedure for the laboratory characterization of a whole heating and cooling system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 976-990.
    5. Büchner, Daniel & Schraube, Christian & Carlon, Elisa & von Sonntag, Justus & Schwarz, Markus & Verma, Vijay Kumar & Ortwein, Andreas, 2015. "Survey of modern pellet boilers in Austria and Germany – System design and customer satisfaction of residential installations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 390-403.

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