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Computational study of biodiesel–diesel fuel blends on emission characteristics for a light-duty diesel engine using OpenFOAM

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  • Mohamed Ismail, Harun
  • Ng, Hoon Kiat
  • Gan, Suyin
  • Lucchini, Tommaso

Abstract

In this paper, emissions formation process and its interaction with the combustion event are established for fossil diesel and the methyl esters of coconut (CME), palm (PME) and soy (SME) across three different engine conditions. Here, the OpenFOAM® open source CFD codes are utilised to simulate the in-cylinder events. The ignition delay (ID) period and the timing of peak pressure are accurately predicted to within ±0.2° crank angle for all the test cases. The maximum error between the experimental and computed peak pressure values across the test range is limited to below 4.5%. The change in the fuel type from fossil diesel to biodiesel alters the physical and the chemical delays, both of which affect the overall ID period. As a result, variations in the combustion behaviour and hence the emission characteristics are observed. Neat CME is found to produce both NOx and soot reduction across all the engine loads tested. The most significant reduction in soot level is achieved at high load operation, while greatest NOx reduction is recorded under low load condition when neat or B50 blends of the test biodiesel fuels are used. The best operating condition to result in simultaneous soot and NOx reduction through the use of biodiesel is at mid load condition with an engine speed of 2000rev/min.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed Ismail, Harun & Ng, Hoon Kiat & Gan, Suyin & Lucchini, Tommaso, 2013. "Computational study of biodiesel–diesel fuel blends on emission characteristics for a light-duty diesel engine using OpenFOAM," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 827-841.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:111:y:2013:i:c:p:827-841
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.068
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohamed Ismail, Harun & Ng, Hoon Kiat & Queck, Cheen Wei & Gan, Suyin, 2012. "Artificial neural networks modelling of engine-out responses for a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 769-777.
    2. Mohamed Ismail, Harun & Ng, Hoon Kiat & Gan, Suyin, 2012. "Evaluation of non-premixed combustion and fuel spray models for in-cylinder diesel engine simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 271-279.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ali Raza & Hassan Mehboob & Sajjad Miran & Waseem Arif & Syed Farukh Javaid Rizvi, 2020. "Investigation on the Characteristics of Biodiesel Droplets in the Engine Cylinder," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Plamondon, E. & Seers, P., 2014. "Development of a simplified dynamic model for a piezoelectric injector using multiple injection strategies with biodiesel/diesel-fuel blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 411-424.
    3. Khan, Shahanwaz & Panua, Rajsekhar & Bose, Probir Kumar, 2019. "The impact of combustion chamber configuration on combustion and emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine fuelled with soybean methyl ester blends with diesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 335-351.
    4. Ho, Sze-Hwee & Wong, Yiik-Diew & Chang, Victor Wei-Chung, 2014. "Evaluating the potential of biodiesel (via recycled cooking oil) use in Singapore, an urban city," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 117-124.
    5. Zhang, Yanzhi & Li, Zilong & Tamilselvan, Pachiannan & Jiang, Chenxu & He, Zhixia & Zhong, Wenjun & Qian, Yong & Wang, Qian & Lu, Xingcai, 2019. "Experimental study of combustion and emission characteristics of gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engines fueled by gasoline-hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    6. Decan, Gilles & Broekaert, Stijn & Lucchini, Tommaso & D’Errico, Gianluca & Vierendeels, Jan & Verhelst, Sebastian, 2018. "Evaluation of wall heat flux calculation methods for CFD simulations of an internal combustion engine under both motored and HCCI operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 451-461.
    7. Bari, S. & Saad, Idris, 2014. "Effect of guide vane height on the performance and emissions of a compression ignition (CI) engine run with biodiesel through simulation and experiment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 431-444.
    8. Serrano, L. & Lopes, M. & Pires, N. & Ribeiro, I. & Cascão, P. & Tarelho, L. & Monteiro, A. & Nielsen, O. & da Silva, M. Gameiro & Borrego, C., 2015. "Evaluation on effects of using low biodiesel blends in a EURO 5 passenger vehicle equipped with a common-rail diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 230-238.

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