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A comparative characterization study of Ca-looping natural sorbents

Author

Listed:
  • Itskos, Grigorios
  • Grammelis, Panagiotis
  • Scala, Fabrizio
  • Pawlak-Kruczek, Halina
  • Coppola, Antonio
  • Salatino, Piero
  • Kakaras, Emmanuel

Abstract

In this study, six high-Ca limestones and one dolomite from Germany, Greece, Italy, and Poland were tested for their CO2-uptake capacity during carbonation–calcination experiments in a TGA apparatus, as well as in a lab-scale atmospheric bubbling FB reactor. The calcium looping experiments were carried out both in the presence and absence of sulfur in gas phase, to study its likely inhibitory effect on the penetration of CaO particles by CO2. The mineralogy and microstructure of fresh, sulfated/carbonated, and non-sulfated/carbonated sorbents have been comparatively evaluated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy–Scanning Electron Microscopy (EDS–SEM), respectively. Their specific surface area and pore size distribution have been determined by means of N2-porosimetry. All samples were examined after five cycles of carbonation–calcination. In most sulfated samples, a shell of anhydrite (CaSO4) has been identified peripherally to the CaO particles, preventing part of their core from further carbonating. The macro-porosity (%) of sulfated samples was increased, compared to the non-sulfated ones, suggesting less sintering in the former, a fact also supported by the BET area measurements. On the other hand, micro-porosity showed no clear tendency with sulfation. The loss in microporosity, observed in particular cases of sulfated samples, was attributed to a drop in the associated conversion during carbonation. Overall, this work contains an integrated, comparative characterization study of the tested sorbents, accompanied by suggestions on their utilization in Ca-looping processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Itskos, Grigorios & Grammelis, Panagiotis & Scala, Fabrizio & Pawlak-Kruczek, Halina & Coppola, Antonio & Salatino, Piero & Kakaras, Emmanuel, 2013. "A comparative characterization study of Ca-looping natural sorbents," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 373-382.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:108:y:2013:i:c:p:373-382
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.03.009
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    1. Ridha, Firas N. & Manovic, Vasilije & Macchi, Arturo & Anthony, Edward J., 2012. "The effect of SO2 on CO2 capture by CaO-based pellets prepared with a kaolin derived Al(OH)3 binder," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 415-420.
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    2. Lara, Yolanda & Lisbona, Pilar & Martínez, Ana & Romeo, Luis M., 2013. "Design and analysis of heat exchanger networks for integrated Ca-looping systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 690-700.
    3. Valverde, J.M. & Sanchez-Jimenez, P.E. & Perez-Maqueda, L.A., 2014. "Calcium-looping for post-combustion CO2 capture. On the adverse effect of sorbent regeneration under CO2," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 161-171.
    4. Perejón, Antonio & Romeo, Luis M. & Lara, Yolanda & Lisbona, Pilar & Martínez, Ana & Valverde, Jose Manuel, 2016. "The Calcium-Looping technology for CO2 capture: On the important roles of energy integration and sorbent behavior," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 787-807.
    5. Erans, María & Manovic, Vasilije & Anthony, Edward J., 2016. "Calcium looping sorbents for CO2 capture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 722-742.
    6. Kavosh, Masoud & Patchigolla, Kumar & Anthony, Edward J. & Oakey, John E., 2014. "Carbonation performance of lime for cyclic CO2 capture following limestone calcination in steam/CO2 atmosphere," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 499-507.
    7. Li, Yingjie & Su, Mengying & Xie, Xin & Wu, Shuimu & Liu, Changtian, 2015. "CO2 capture performance of synthetic sorbent prepared from carbide slag and aluminum nitrate hydrate by combustion synthesis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 60-68.
    8. Witoon, Thongthai & Mungcharoen, Thumrongrut & Limtrakul, Jumras, 2014. "Biotemplated synthesis of highly stable calcium-based sorbents for CO2 capture via a precipitation method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 32-40.
    9. Hanak, Dawid P. & Jenkins, Barrie G. & Kruger, Tim & Manovic, Vasilije, 2017. "High-efficiency negative-carbon emission power generation from integrated solid-oxide fuel cell and calciner," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1189-1201.

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