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The xenophobic tourist

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  • Kock, Florian
  • Josiassen, Alexander
  • Assaf, A. George

Abstract

Addressing the global rise of xenophobia, the authors provide the first investigation of tourist xenophobia (TXO) and its role in shaping tourist behavior. Drawing on research from evolutionary and social psychology, they define TXO as a tourist’s perceptual discomfort and anxiety associated with strangers encountered at foreign destinations. The authors develop a reliable, valid and parsimonious TXO scale, and document its importance empirically. The results show that TXO is an important driver behind many, often neglected, behavioral phenomena, such as tourists’ preference for travel-related vaccination, willingness to try local food, preference for group travel, travel insurance and agency-booked travel, willingness to travel and actual travel behavior. The authors conclude by discussing implications of the findings for research, practice and policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Kock, Florian & Josiassen, Alexander & Assaf, A. George, 2019. "The xenophobic tourist," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 155-166.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:anture:v:74:y:2019:i:c:p:155-166
    DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2018.11.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Bình Nghiêm-Phú & Hồng Long Phạm, 2022. "Local Residents’ Attitudes Toward Reopening Inbound Tourism Amid COVID-19: A Study in Vietnam," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    2. Karl, Marion & Kock, Florian & Ritchie, Brent W. & Gauss, Jana, 2021. "Affective forecasting and travel decision-making: An investigation in times of a pandemic," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    3. Kock, Florian & Nørfelt, Astrid & Josiassen, Alexander & Assaf, A. George & Tsionas, Mike G., 2020. "Understanding the COVID-19 tourist psyche: The Evolutionary Tourism Paradigm," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    4. Miao, Li & Im, Jinyoung & So, Kevin Kam Fung & Cao, Yan, 2022. "Post-pandemic and post-traumatic tourism behavior," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    5. Farrelly, Francis & Kock, Florian & Josiassen, Alexander, 2019. "Cultural heritage authenticity: A producer view," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    6. Kyle Maurice Woosnam & Emrullah Erul & Zachary A. Russell & Sabrina Rahman & Chase Perren & Michael Lefavi & Camille Bennett, 2023. "Social Distance with Tourists in U.S. Counties with the Highest Historical Numbers of Reported COVID-19 Cases," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, June.
    7. Carballo, Rita R. & León, Carmelo J. & Carballo, María M., 2024. "A longitudinal analysis of the effects of COVID-19 on tourists’ health risk perceptions," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    8. Xiong, Xiling & Wong, IpKin Anthony & Yang, Fiona X., 2021. "Are we behaviorally immune to COVID-19 through robots?," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
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    10. Dedeoglu, Bekir Bora & Boğan, Erhan & Kucukergin, Kemal Gurkan & Birinci, Muhammet Cenk, 2023. "Are tourists afraid of the unknown? Examining the role of travel constraints and tourist xenophobia with symmetric and asymmetric perspectives," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).

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