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Evapotranspiration and responses to irrigation of broccoli

Author

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  • López-Urrea, R.
  • Montoro, A.
  • López-Fuster, P.
  • Fereres, E.

Abstract

In cold, semi-arid areas, the options for crop diversification are limited by climate and by the water supply available. Growing irrigated crops outside the main season is not easy, because of climatic and market constraints. We carried out an experiment in Albacete, Central Spain, to measure the water use (evapotranspiration, ET) of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) planted in late summer and harvested at the end of fall. A weighing lysimeter was used to measure the seasonal ET under sprinkler irrigation. Consumptive use reached 359mm for a period of 109 days after transplanting. The crop coefficient (Kc) for broccoli was obtained and compared to the standard recommendations for normal planting dates. Dual crop coefficient computations of the lysimeter ET data indicated that evaporation represented 31% of seasonal ET. An analysis of the variation in daily Kc values at a time of full cover suggested that the use of a grass lysimeter as a reference ET (ETo) was superior to using the ASCE Penman-Monteith (ASCE PM) equation at hourly time steps, which in turn caused less variability in Kc than when using the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (FAO-56 PM) equation at daily time steps for the ETo calculation. An additional experiment aimed at evaluating the yield response to applied irrigation water by the drip method (seven treatments, from 59 to 108% of ETc) generated a production function that gave maximum yields of near 12tha-1 at an irrigation level of 345mm, and a water use efficiency of 3.37kgm-3. It is concluded that growing broccoli in the fall season is a viable alternative for crop diversification, as the lower yields obtained here may be more than compensated for by the higher produce prices in autumn, at a time of the year where irrigation water demand for other crops is very low.

Suggested Citation

  • López-Urrea, R. & Montoro, A. & López-Fuster, P. & Fereres, E., 2009. "Evapotranspiration and responses to irrigation of broccoli," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(7), pages 1155-1161, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:96:y:2009:i:7:p:1155-1161
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lopez-Urrea, R. & Martin de Santa Olalla, F. & Fabeiro, C. & Moratalla, A., 2006. "Testing evapotranspiration equations using lysimeter observations in a semiarid climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 85(1-2), pages 15-26, September.
    2. Ilbeyi, Adem & Ustun, Haluk & Oweis, Theib & Pala, Mustafa & Benli, Bogachan, 2006. "Wheat water productivity and yield in a cool highland environment: Effect of early sowing with supplemental irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 82(3), pages 399-410, April.
    3. Lopez-Urrea, R. & Olalla, F. Martin de Santa & Fabeiro, C. & Moratalla, A., 2006. "An evaluation of two hourly reference evapotranspiration equations for semiarid conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 277-282, December.
    4. Martin de Santa Olalla, F. & Calera, A. & Dominguez, A., 2003. "Monitoring irrigation water use by combining Irrigation Advisory Service, and remotely sensed data with a geographic information system," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 111-124, June.
    5. El-Shikha, D.M. & Waller, P. & Hunsaker, D. & Clarke, T. & Barnes, E., 2007. "Ground-based remote sensing for assessing water and nitrogen status of broccoli," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 92(3), pages 183-193, September.
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    1. Flumignan, Danilton Luiz & de Faria, Rogério Teixeira & Prete, Cássio Egídio Cavenaghi, 2011. "Evapotranspiration components and dual crop coefficients of coffee trees during crop production," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(5), pages 791-800, March.
    2. Escarabajal-Henarejos, D. & Fernández-Pacheco, D.G. & Molina-Martínez, J.M. & Martínez-Molina, L. & Ruiz-Canales, A., 2015. "Selection of device to determine temperature gradients for estimating evapotranspiration using energy balance method," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 136-147.
    3. Erdem, Tolga & ArIn, Levent & Erdem, Yesim & Polat, Serdar & Deveci, Murat & Okursoy, Hakan & Gültas, Hüseyin T., 2010. "Yield and quality response of drip irrigated broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) under different irrigation regimes, nitrogen applications and cultivation periods," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(5), pages 681-688, May.
    4. López-Urrea, R. & Sánchez, J.M. & de la Cruz, F. & González-Piqueras, J. & Chávez, J.L., 2020. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients from lysimeter measurements for sprinkler-irrigated canola," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    5. French, Andrew N. & Sanchez, Charles A. & Wirth, Troy & Scott, Andrew & Shields, John W. & Bautista, Eduardo & Saber, Mazin N. & Wisniewski, Elzbieta & Gohardoust, Mohammadreza R., 2023. "Remote sensing of evapotranspiration for irrigated crops at Yuma, Arizona, USA," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    6. Laura Ávila-Dávila & José Miguel Molina-Martínez & Carlos Bautista-Capetillo & Manuel Soler-Méndez & Cruz Octavio Robles Rovelo & Hugo Enrique Júnez-Ferreira & Julián González-Trinidad, 2021. "Estimation of the Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficients of Bell Pepper Using a Removable Weighing Lysimeter: A Case Study in the Southeast of Spain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, January.
    7. Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & López-Urrea, R. & Hunsaker, D.J. & Mota, M. & Mohammadi Shad, Z., 2021. "Standard single and basal crop coefficients for vegetable crops, an update of FAO56 crop water requirements approach," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).

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