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Assessing the impact of irrigation and nitrogen management on potato performance under varying climate in the state of Florida, USA

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  • da Silva, Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro
  • Dias, Henrique Boriolo
  • Gupta, Rishabh
  • Zotarelli, Lincoln
  • Asseng, Senthold
  • Dukes, Michael D.
  • Porter, Cheryl
  • Hoogenboom, Gerrit

Abstract

Optimizing irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilizer management in irrigated potato crops grown on sandy soils in subtropical regions such as in northeastern Florida, USA is essential to sustain a high yield and to minimize leaching. N applications in this region typically occur at approximately 25–30 days prior to planting (Npre), at emergence (Neme), and at tuber initiation (Nti). However, recent studies suggest that applying N near planting (Npl) enhances fertilizer N use efficiency (FNUE). We combined experimentation with modeling to assess irrigation and N management options for potato in northeastern Florida. We first aimed to evaluate the DSSAT/CSM-SUBSTOR-Potato model using two-year irrigated field experiments conducted on sandy soils with variable N rates and application timings. CSM-SUBSTOR-Potato accurately simulated aboveground plus tuber dry weight [Relative root mean squared error (RRMSE) = 26.4%, Willmott’s index (d) = 0.98] and N accumulation (RRMSE = 28.6%, d = 0.97). Soil moisture and mineral N were captured well overall, but they were often underestimated due to a water table influence that is currently not considered in DSSAT. Subsequently, CSM-SUBSTOR-Potato was applied to simulate tuber yield, N leaching, and FNUE under scenarios of irrigation scheduling and N-fertilizer application (rate/timing) strategies, focusing on Npre versus Npl aiming to improve resource use efficiency. The simulations indicated that a target of 60% and 70% of the available soil water can be safely used as an irrigation strategy to achieve a high yield, while reducing irrigation water applied and N leached to the environment. Overall Npl increased crop N uptake by 10%, tuber yield by 7%, reduced N leached by 13%, and consequently increasing FNUE by 9%, compared to Npre across the irrigation treatments. Thus, Npl should be preferred in sandy soils and climate-risky subtropical environments, along with Neme and Nti as key timings to synchronize N supply with potato growth.

Suggested Citation

  • da Silva, Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro & Dias, Henrique Boriolo & Gupta, Rishabh & Zotarelli, Lincoln & Asseng, Senthold & Dukes, Michael D. & Porter, Cheryl & Hoogenboom, Gerrit, 2024. "Assessing the impact of irrigation and nitrogen management on potato performance under varying climate in the state of Florida, USA," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:295:y:2024:i:c:s0378377424001045
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Woli, Prem & Hoogenboom, Gerrit & Alva, Ashok, 2016. "Simulation of potato yield, nitrate leaching, and profit margins as influenced by irrigation and nitrogen management in different soils and production regions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 120-130.
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    6. Reyes-Cabrera, Joel & Zotarelli, Lincoln & Dukes, Michael D. & Rowland, Diane L. & Sargent, Steven A., 2016. "Soil moisture distribution under drip irrigation and seepage for potato production," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 183-192.
    7. Silva, Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da & Zotarelli, Lincoln & Dukes, Michael D. & van Santen, Edzard & Asseng, Senthold, 2023. "Nitrogen fertilizer rate and timing of application for potato under different irrigation methods," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
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