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A comprehensive stress indicator for evaluating plant water status in almond trees

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  • Drechsler, Kelley
  • Kisekka, Isaya
  • Upadhyaya, Shrinivasa

Abstract

This study evaluated a comprehensive plant water stress indicator that integrates the leaf temperature and the environmental conditions that can provide feedback on the plant response to irrigation scheduling. This quantity—Comprehensive Stress Indicator (CSI)—is based on the reformulation of the leaf energy balance equation. Specifically, CSI is the ratio of the temperature difference between a dry leaf (i.e., a leaf with a broken stem) and a live leaf (on the same tree) [i.e., Tdry-Tleaf] and the difference between the vapor pressure inside the stomatal cavity at saturation and the vapor pressure of the air at ambient temperature [i.e., es(TL)-e(TA)]. The required measurements to compute CSI include dry leaf temperature, live leaf temperature, relative humidity, and air temperature at the tree being monitored. In this study, all measurements were obtained using a sensor suite called the leaf monitor. Leaf monitors were connected to a wireless mesh network to communicate the data to a website. The leaf monitor included two thermal infrared sensors, one for the dry leaf and one for the live leaf, both of which were housed in the same unit with almost identical environmental conditions due to a diffusing hemispherical dome that enclosed these sensors. The CSI is a dynamic indicator with a value for every data sample collected. For a single indicator representing each day, the CSI was evaluated in two ways. First, the CSI was integrated with respect to time from 10 A.M. to 6 P.M. to obtain the Integrated Comprehensive Stress Indicator (ICSI). Second, the CSI was averaged from 1 P.M. to 3 P.M. to obtain the Average Comprehensive Stress Indicator (ACSI). Both ICSI and ACSI were compared to other stress indicators, including the existing Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) and Integrated Degrees Above Non-Stressed (IDANS). Results show that ICSI and ACSI are satisfactorily correlated with midday stem water potential (SWP). The ICSI and ACSI indicators may be more convenient than other stress indicators because they require measurements only at the tree being monitored.

Suggested Citation

  • Drechsler, Kelley & Kisekka, Isaya & Upadhyaya, Shrinivasa, 2019. "A comprehensive stress indicator for evaluating plant water status in almond trees," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 214-223.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:216:y:2019:i:c:p:214-223
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2019.02.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. O'Shaughnessy, S.A. & Evett, S.R., 2010. "Canopy temperature based system effectively schedules and controls center pivot irrigation of cotton," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(9), pages 1310-1316, September.
    2. DeJonge, Kendall C. & Taghvaeian, Saleh & Trout, Thomas J. & Comas, Louise H., 2015. "Comparison of canopy temperature-based water stress indices for maize," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 51-62.
    3. O'Shaughnessy, Susan A. & Evett, Steven R. & Colaizzi, Paul D. & Howell, Terry A., 2012. "A crop water stress index and time threshold for automatic irrigation scheduling of grain sorghum," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 122-132.
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    1. Nakabuye, Hope Njuki & Rudnick, Daran & DeJonge, Kendall C. & Lo, Tsz Him & Heeren, Derek & Qiao, Xin & Franz, Trenton E. & Katimbo, Abia & Duan, Jiaming, 2022. "Real-time irrigation scheduling of maize using Degrees Above Non-Stressed (DANS) index in semi-arid environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    2. Teresa R. Freitas & João A. Santos & Ana P. Silva & Helder Fraga, 2023. "Reviewing the Adverse Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Measures on Almond Trees ( Prunus dulcis )," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-19, July.

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