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Effects of microbial community variation on bio-clogging in drip irrigation emitters using reclaimed water

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  • Zhou, Bo
  • Wang, Tianzhi
  • Li, Yunkai
  • Bralts, Vincent

Abstract

Drip irrigation emitter clogging is one of the key barriers to the development and application of reclaimed water drip irrigation technology. Reclaimed water typically contains large amounts of bacteria, and their excretions, the sticky extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Indeed, different amounts and types of microorganisms affect drip irrigation emitter clogging, especially bio-clogging process, via excretive EPS. Therefore, it is important to study the dynamic microbial community structure and its effect on the emitter bio-clogging process. In this paper, a drip irrigation experiment using reclaimed water was carried out. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in biofilm (bio-clogging substance) were taken as the biomarker of microbial community inside emitters, and the dynamic variation of microbial community in drip irrigation emitter and its effect on the clogging process were studied. The results showed that the microbial growth of biofilms inside 9 types of drip irrigation emitters could enhance emitter clogging, and the PLFAs showed S-shaped pattern with emitter clogging degrees (R2>0.95, p<0.01), which was closely associated with the variation of microbial community. There were 3–7 types of PLFAs commonly in biofilms within drip irrigation emitters, among which gram positive bacteria (i15:0, 16:0 and 18:0) were dominant in amounts, with the close contents of 24.4%–34.2%, 24.8%–37.2% and 24.2%–39.0%, respectively, and their total proportion exceeding 76.3%. The Pseudomonas (16:0) was found to be the most critical bacteria to affect emitter clogging as it performed better to decompose and utilize organic matters, and showed the best relation with clogging degrees, along with significant relations with other types of bacteria. Therefore, controlling gram positive bacteria, especially Pseudomonas was the most effective way to relieve emitter clogging. Their variation also changed the microbial community structure, and the diversity index (H), evenness index (J) and dominance index (D) of microbial community in biofilms varied within 1.08–1.53, 0.75–1.11 and 0.65–0.75. The diversity index and dominance index both decreased as the amounts and types of microorganisms increased. The total amount of the gram positive bacteria increased after their decrement, and resulted in the similar variation of the microbial community evenness index. The results of this study will establish a theoretical basis for exploring the effects of microbial community variation on emitter bio-clogging, and provide insight into the emitter clogging mechanisms and possible mitigation strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Bo & Wang, Tianzhi & Li, Yunkai & Bralts, Vincent, 2017. "Effects of microbial community variation on bio-clogging in drip irrigation emitters using reclaimed water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 139-149.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:194:y:2017:i:c:p:139-149
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2017.09.006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liu, Haijun & Huang, Guanhua, 2009. "Laboratory experiment on drip emitter clogging with fresh water and treated sewage effluent," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(5), pages 745-756, May.
    2. Zhou, Bo & Li, Yunkai & Song, Peng & Xu, Zhenci & Bralts, Vincent, 2016. "A kinetic model for biofilm growth inside non-PC emitters under reclaimed water drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 23-34.
    3. Ravina, I. & Paz, E. & Sofer, Z. & Marm, A. & Schischa, A. & Sagi, G. & Yechialy, Z. & Lev, Y., 1997. "Control of clogging in drip irrigation with stored treated municipal sewage effluent," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(2-3), pages 127-137, June.
    4. Oliver, M.M.H. & Hewa, G.A. & Pezzaniti, D., 2014. "Bio-fouling of subsurface type drip emitters applying reclaimed water under medium soil thermal variation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 12-23.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhou, Bo & Li, Yunkai & Xue, Song & Feng, Ji, 2019. "Variation of microorganisms in drip irrigation systems using high-sand surface water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 218(C), pages 37-47.
    2. Liu, Zeyuan & Xiao, Yang & Li, Yunkai & Zhou, Bo & Feng, Ji & Han, Siqi & Muhammad, Tahir, 2019. "Influence of operating pressure on emitter anti-clogging performance of drip irrigation system with high-sediment water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 174-184.
    3. Zhou, Hongxu & Li, Yunkai & Wang, Yan & Zhou, Bo & Bhattarai, Rabin, 2019. "Composite fouling of drip emitters applying surface water with high sand concentration: Dynamic variation and formation mechanism," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 25-43.
    4. Li, Yunkai & Pan, Jiachong & Chen, Xiuzhi & Xue, Song & Feng, Ji & Muhammad, Tahir & Zhou, Bo, 2019. "Dynamic effects of chemical precipitates on drip irrigation system clogging using water with high sediment and salt loads," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 833-842.
    5. Soliman, Azza I.E. & Morad, M.M. & Wasfy, Kamal I. & Moursy, M.A.M., 2020. "Utilization of aquaculture drainage for enhancing onion crop yield under surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    6. Han, Siqi & Li, Yunkai & Zhou, Bo & Liu, Zeyuan & Feng, Ji & Xiao, Yang, 2019. "An in-situ accelerated experimental testing method for drip irrigation emitter clogging with inferior water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 136-154.
    7. Li, Qiang & Song, Peng & Zhou, Bo & Xiao, Yang & Muhammad, Tahir & Liu, Zeyuan & Zhou, Hongxu & Li, Yunkai, 2019. "Mechanism of intermittent fluctuated water pressure on emitter clogging substances formation in drip irrigation system utilizing high sediment water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 16-24.
    8. Xuefeng Qiu & Jiandong Wang & Haitao Wang & Chuanjuan Wang & Yuechao Sun & Guangyong Li, 2022. "Elimination of Clogging of a Biogas Slurry Drip Irrigation System Using the Optimal Acid and Chlorine Addition Mode," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-16, May.

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