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Long-term field response of pistachio to irrigation water salinity

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  • Mehdi-Tounsi, Houda
  • Chelli-Chaabouni, Azza
  • Mahjoub-Boujnah, Dalenda
  • Boukhris, Makki

Abstract

A three years field study was conducted to assess the effects of moderate and high saline irrigation water on the behavior of 5-year-old female trees of pistachio. Mateur cultivar was grafted on Pistacia vera L. and Pistacia atlantica Desf. rootstocks. Different water irrigation qualities were used: (i) tap water (ECw: 1.95dSm−1); (ii) moderately saline water (ECw: 5dSm−1); and (iii) highly saline water (ECw: 12dSm−1). Rootstock and scion growth were measured. Fruit yield was monitored during the three years of salt treatment and the following year after salt stress was relieved. Leaf mineral content and electrolyte leakage were determined monthly during growing seasons. Results showed that tree growth was not affected by moderate salinity after the first season of experiments but the response changed at higher salinity and when salt treatment duration increased. Salinity of irrigation water did not affect average fruit yield per tree but when saline water irrigation was stopped, yield of trees previously irrigated with highly saline water increased significantly on P. atlantica rootstock in comparison with control. Sodium and chlorides ions content in leaves accumulated proportionally to salinity level and duration. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) as well as K/Na and Ca/Na ratios decreased with increasing salt concentration in the irrigation water. This reduction was more significant in the second and third years of the study. Water management practice was proposed to take advantage from the stimulating effects of mild/short term salinity on growth and production of pistachio Mateur cultivar.

Suggested Citation

  • Mehdi-Tounsi, Houda & Chelli-Chaabouni, Azza & Mahjoub-Boujnah, Dalenda & Boukhris, Makki, 2017. "Long-term field response of pistachio to irrigation water salinity," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1-12.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:185:y:2017:i:c:p:1-12
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2017.02.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grattan, S.R. & Díaz, F.J. & Pedrero, F. & Vivaldi, G.A., 2015. "Assessing the suitability of saline wastewaters for irrigation of Citrus spp.: Emphasis on boron and specific-ion interactions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 48-58.
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    1. Giulia Marino & Daniele Zaccaria & Richard L. Snyder & Octavio Lagos & Bruce D. Lampinen & Louise Ferguson & Stephen R. Grattan & Cayle Little & Kristen Shapiro & Mahesh Lal Maskey & Dennis L. Corwin , 2019. "Actual Evapotranspiration and Tree Performance of Mature Micro-Irrigated Pistachio Orchards Grown on Saline-Sodic Soils in the San Joaquin Valley of California," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-21, April.
    2. Trabelsi, Lina & Gargouri, Kamel & Ben Hassena, Ameni & Mbadra, Chaker & Ghrab, Mohamed & Ncube, Bhekumthetho & Van Staden, Johannes & Gargouri, Radhia, 2019. "Impact of drought and salinity on olive water status and physiological performance in an arid climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 749-759.
    3. Bughici, Theodor & Skaggs, Todd H. & Corwin, Dennis L. & Scudiero, Elia, 2022. "Ensemble HYDRUS-2D modeling to improve apparent electrical conductivity sensing of soil salinity under drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    4. Trabelsi, Lina & Gargouri, Kamel & Ayadi, Mohamed & Mbadra, Chaker & Ben Nasr, Mohamed & Ben Mbarek, Hadda & Ghrab, Mohamed & Ben Ahmed, Gouta & Kammoun, Yasmine & Loukil, Emna & Maktouf, Sameh & Khli, 2022. "Impact of drought and salinity on olive potential yield, oil and fruit qualities (cv. Chemlali) in an arid climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).

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