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Response of evapotranspiration and yield to planting density of solar greenhouse grown tomato in northwest China

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  • Qiu, Rangjian
  • Song, Jinjuan
  • Du, Taisheng
  • Kang, Shaozhong
  • Tong, Ling
  • Chen, Renqiang
  • Wu, Laosheng

Abstract

Selecting proper planting density can optimize light interception and increase crop water productivity. This research investigated the planting density effect on the evapotranspiration (ETc) and yield of greenhouse grown tomato in northwest China during December 2010 to June 2011 (first season), and September 2011 to January 2012 (second season). Five planting density treatments of 3.1, 3.7, 4.4, 5.0 and 5.6plantsm−2 were used and each treatment was replicated three times. The fifteen plots were randomized complete block design. The irrigation scheduling adopted was the same for all treatments and referred to a soil water depletion of 25±2% below field capacity as observed for the 4.4plantsm−2 treatment. Water was applied beneath the plastic mulch covering both the bed and the furrow. The FAO 56 Penman–Monteith equation with a fixed aerodynamic resistance of 295sm−1 was used to estimate the reference evapotranspiration (ET0) in the greenhouse. The ETc was calculated by the water balance method according to the change in soil water content over a period of time. The crop coefficients (Kc) at crop development stage in both growth seasons were calculated from ETc/ET0 and estimated by the equations proposed by Allen and Pereira (2009) that consider a plant density coefficient. Tomato yield and fruit number were also measured to assess the planting density effect on water productivity. Results showed that the seasonal total ETc of the greenhouse grown tomato increased, while the seasonal total ETc per plant decreased, linearly as planting density increased in both growth seasons. The calculated middle season Kc values from ETc/ET0 ranged from 0.77 to 0.83 in the first season and from 0.94 to 0.97 in the second season for different planting densities, which were lower than the Kc values estimated by Allen and Pereira's approach. Fruit number per plant, average single fruit weight and yield per plant decreased, but total yield increased, as planting density increased. From economical perspective, the recommended planting densities of tomato grown in northwest China's greenhouses are 3.7–4.4plantsm−2.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiu, Rangjian & Song, Jinjuan & Du, Taisheng & Kang, Shaozhong & Tong, Ling & Chen, Renqiang & Wu, Laosheng, 2013. "Response of evapotranspiration and yield to planting density of solar greenhouse grown tomato in northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 44-51.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:130:y:2013:i:c:p:44-51
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.08.013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Allen, Richard G. & Pereira, Luis S. & Howell, Terry A. & Jensen, Marvin E., 2011. "Evapotranspiration information reporting: I. Factors governing measurement accuracy," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(6), pages 899-920, April.
    2. Amayreh, Jumah & Al-Abed, Nassim, 2005. "Developing crop coefficients for field-grown tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under drip irrigation with black plastic mulch," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 73(3), pages 247-254, May.
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    2. Li Yang & Haijun Liu & Shabtai Cohen & Zhuangzhuang Gao, 2022. "Microclimate and Plant Transpiration of Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) in a Sunken Solar Greenhouse in North China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Jovanovic, N. & Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & Pôças, I. & Cantore, V. & Todorovic, M., 2020. "A review of strategies, methods and technologies to reduce non-beneficial consumptive water use on farms considering the FAO56 methods," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
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    6. Sun, Qing & Wang, Yaosheng & Chen, Geng & Yang, Hui & Du, Taisheng, 2018. "Water use efficiency was improved at leaf and yield levels of tomato plants by continuous irrigation using semipermeable membrane," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 430-437.
    7. Gong, Xuewen & Liu, Hao & Sun, Jingsheng & Gao, Yang & Zhang, Hao, 2019. "Comparison of Shuttleworth-Wallace model and dual crop coefficient method for estimating evapotranspiration of tomato cultivated in a solar greenhouse," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 141-153.
    8. Tamimi, Mansoor Al & Green, Steve & Hammami, Zied & Ammar, Khalil & Ketbi, Mouza Al & Al-Shrouf, Ali M. & Dawoud, Mohamed & Kennedy, Lesley & Clothier, Brent, 2022. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients using lysimeter measurements for food crops in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    9. Gong, Xuewen & Qiu, Rangjian & Sun, Jingsheng & Ge, Jiankun & Li, Yanbin & Wang, Shunsheng, 2020. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of tomato grown in a solar greenhouse under full and deficit irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    10. Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & Melton, F. & Johnson, L. & Wang, T. & López-Urrea, R. & Cancela, J.J. & Allen, R.G., 2020. "Prediction of crop coefficients from fraction of ground cover and height. Background and validation using ground and remote sensing data," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    11. Wang, Lichun & Ning, Songrui & Chen, Xiaoli & Li, Youli & Guo, Wenzhong & Ben-Gal, Alon, 2021. "Modeling tomato root water uptake influenced by soil salinity under drip irrigation with an inverse method," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    12. Wu, Zhuqing & Fan, Yaqiong & Qiu, Yuan & Hao, Xinmei & Li, Sien & Kang, Shaozhong, 2022. "Response of yield and quality of greenhouse tomatoes to water and salt stresses and biochar addition in Northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    13. Lin, Dong & Zhang, Lijun & Xia, Xiaohua, 2021. "Model predictive control of a Venlo-type greenhouse system considering electrical energy, water and carbon dioxide consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    14. Chen, Jinliang & Kang, Shaozhong & Du, Taisheng & Guo, Ping & Qiu, Rangjian & Chen, Renqiang & Gu, Feng, 2014. "Modeling relations of tomato yield and fruit quality with water deficit at different growth stages under greenhouse condition," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 131-148.
    15. Li, Bo & Wim, Voogt & Shukla, Manoj Kumar & Du, Taisheng, 2021. "Drip irrigation provides a trade-off between yield and nutritional quality of tomato in the solar greenhouse," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    16. Zhang, Junwei & Xiang, Lingxiao & Liu, Yuxin & Jing, Dan & Zhang, Lili & Liu, Yong & Li, Wuqiang & Wang, Xiaoyan & Li, Tianlai & Li, Jianming, 2024. "Optimizing irrigation schedules of greenhouse tomato based on a comprehensive evaluation model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    17. Jiang, Xuelian & Kang, Shaozhong & Tong, Ling & Li, Sien & Ding, Risheng & Du, Taisheng, 2019. "Modeling evapotranspiration and its components of maize for seed production in an arid region of northwest China using a dual crop coefficient and multisource models," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 105-117.
    18. Qiu, Rangjian & Li, Longan & Liu, Chunwei & Wang, Zhenchang & Zhang, Baozhong & Liu, Zhandong, 2022. "Evapotranspiration estimation using a modified crop coefficient model in a rotated rice-winter wheat system," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    19. Liu, Hao & Li, Huanhuan & Ning, Huifeng & Zhang, Xiaoxian & Li, Shuang & Pang, Jie & Wang, Guangshuai & Sun, Jingsheng, 2019. "Optimizing irrigation frequency and amount to balance yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    20. Li, Hao & Hou, Xuemin & Bertin, Nadia & Ding, Risheng & Du, Taisheng, 2023. "Quantitative responses of tomato yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency to soil salinity under different water regimes in Northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).

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