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Development and application of an optimization model for the maximization of net agricultural return

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  • Singh, Ajay
  • Panda, Sudhindra Nath

Abstract

Poor quality groundwater can be used conjunctively with good quality canal water to fulfil crop water demand and maximize net annual returns particularly, in the arid and semi-arid regions where good quality soil and water resources are limited. A linear programming model was developed for the optimal land and water resources allocation in order to maximize net annual returns from an irrigated area located in Haryana State of India. Economic and hydrologic factors used in the model were yield, price, and cost of production of nine crops; unit costs of canal water and groundwater; quality of the mixed canal water and groundwater; and net irrigation requirement of crops. The spatial variations in land and water resources were considered through a network of grids. The water production functions were developed and incorporated in the model to estimate the crop yield under different qualities of irrigation water. A groundwater balance constraint was imposed on the model, which mitigate the waterlogging problems, while making optimal allocation of land and water resources. The model results show a reduction in rice, mustard, barley, and gram areas against an increase in cotton, sugarcane, wheat, millet, and sorghum under optimal cropping pattern. Under the optimal land and water allocation, the groundwater use is increased, which in turn mitigate the waterlogging and salinity problems of the study area. The net annual return from the study area has increased by about 26%. The sensitivity analysis of the model parameters shows that the market price of crops is most sensitive parameter followed by the crop area and cost of cultivation. State agencies and farmers involved in the actual agricultural production process are advised to practice conjunctive use of canal water and groundwater to maximize their farm income. This strategy could also mitigate further rise in the watertable without installing expensive drainage systems, which is also not feasible because the groundwater quality is poor and drainage water may pose a serious disposal problem.

Suggested Citation

  • Singh, Ajay & Panda, Sudhindra Nath, 2012. "Development and application of an optimization model for the maximization of net agricultural return," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 267-275.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:115:y:2012:i:c:p:267-275
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2012.09.014
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ajay Singh, 2012. "Development and Application of a Watertable Model for the Assessment of Waterlogging in Irrigated Semi-arid Regions," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(15), pages 4435-4448, December.
    2. Haouari, Mohamed & Azaiez, Mohamed N., 2001. "Optimal cropping patterns under water deficits," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 130(1), pages 133-146, April.
    3. Li, Y.P. & Huang, G.H. & Nie, S.L. & Chen, X., 2011. "A robust modeling approach for regional water management under multiple uncertainties," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(10), pages 1577-1588, August.
    4. Garg, N. K. & Ali, Abbas, 1998. "Two-level optimization model for Lower Indus Basin," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Chao-Chung Yang & Liang-Cheng Chang & Chang-Shian Chen & Ming-Sheng Yeh, 2009. "Multi-objective Planning for Conjunctive Use of Surface and Subsurface Water Using Genetic Algorithm and Dynamics Programming," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(3), pages 417-437, February.
    6. Singh, Ajay & Krause, Peter & Panda, Sudhindra N. & Flugel, Wolfgang-Albert, 2010. "Rising water table: A threat to sustainable agriculture in an irrigated semi-arid region of Haryana, India," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(10), pages 1443-1451, October.
    7. Singh, Ajay, 2012. "Validation of SaltMod for a semi-arid part of northwest India and some options for control of waterlogging," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 194-202.
    8. Aliasghar Montazar & H. Riazi & S. Behbahani, 2010. "Conjunctive Water Use Planning in an Irrigation Command Area," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(3), pages 577-596, February.
    9. Singh, D. K. & Jaiswal, C. S. & Reddy, K. S. & Singh, R. M. & Bhandarkar, D. M., 2001. "Optimal cropping pattern in a canal command area," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 1-8, August.
    10. Moradi-Jalal, Mahdi & Bozorg Haddad, Omid & Karney, Bryan W. & Marino, Miguel A., 2007. "Reservoir operation in assigning optimal multi-crop irrigation areas," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 90(1-2), pages 149-159, May.
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    6. Wu, Xin & Zheng, Yi & Wu, Bin & Tian, Yong & Han, Feng & Zheng, Chunmiao, 2016. "Optimizing conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater for irrigation to address human-nature water conflicts: A surrogate modeling approach," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 380-392.
    7. Jiang, Yao & Xu, Xu & Huang, Quanzhong & Huo, Zailin & Huang, Guanhua, 2016. "Optimizing regional irrigation water use by integrating a two-level optimization model and an agro-hydrological model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 76-88.
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    9. López-Mata, E. & Orengo-Valverde, J.J. & Tarjuelo, J.M. & Martínez-Romero, A. & Domínguez, A., 2016. "Development of a direct-solution algorithm for determining the optimal crop planning of farms using deficit irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 173-187.
    10. Shu Chen & Dongguo Shao & Xudong Li & Caixiu Lei, 2016. "Simulation-Optimization Modeling of Conjunctive Operation of Reservoirs and Ponds for Irrigation of Multiple Crops Using an Improved Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(9), pages 2887-2905, July.
    11. Dai, Z.Y. & Li, Y.P., 2013. "A multistage irrigation water allocation model for agricultural land-use planning under uncertainty," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 69-79.
    12. Mandal, Uday & Dhar, Anirban & Panda, Sudhindra N., 2021. "Enhancement of sustainable agricultural production system by integrated natural resources management framework under climatic and operational uncertainty," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
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    14. Jain, Sonal & Ramesh, Dharavath & Trivedi, Munesh C. & Edla, Damodar Reddy, 2023. "Evaluation of metaheuristic optimization algorithms for optimal allocation of surface water and groundwater resources for crop production," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    15. Wang, Yu & Lu, Yanli & Xu, Ye & Zheng, Lijun & Fan, Yurui, 2023. "A factorial inexact copula stochastic programming (FICSP) approach for water-energy- food nexus system management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    16. Chen, Shu & Shao, Dongguo & Gu, Wenquan & Xu, Baoli & Li, Haoxin & Fang, Longzhang, 2017. "An interval multistage water allocation model for crop different growth stages under inputs uncertainty," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 86-97.
    17. Liuyue He & Sufen Wang & Congcong Peng & Qian Tan, 2018. "Optimization of Water Consumption Distribution Based on Crop Suitability in the Middle Reaches of Heihe River," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-17, June.

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