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L'inégalité mondiale de l'éducation et des revenus (1870-2000)

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  • Christian Morrisson
  • Fabrice Murtin

Abstract

This article provides, for the first time, an estimate of the world distribution of individual years of schooling, taking into account inequalities within and between countries. Our estimates concern this distribution from 1870 to 2000. In 1870, inequality wasvery high, since 75% of the world population was illiterate. The fifth-quintile share of income stood at 90% and the Gini coefficient was 0.79. Inequality has dramatically decreased since. By 2000, the Gini coefficient had declined to 0.40 and the fifth-quintile share of income to 40%. In 130 years, the percentages of illiterate individuals and of the very poor (with incomes of less than 1 dollar a day) fell 75% to 20%. The distribution of education changed totally: in 1910, three-quarters of people with secondary education (i.e., the world?s tenth decile) were Westerners of European descent; in 2000, Asians greatly outnumbered Westerners of European descent among people with university education (again, the world?s tenth decile).

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Morrisson & Fabrice Murtin, 2008. "L'inégalité mondiale de l'éducation et des revenus (1870-2000)," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(5), pages 39-46.
    • Handle: RePEc:cai:ecoldc:ecop_186_0039
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