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Analysis of raw cow milk quality according to free fatty acid contents in the Czech Republic

Author

Listed:
  • O. Hanuš

    (Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Rapotín, Czech Republic)

  • J. Vegricht

    (Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic)

  • J. Frelich

    (Agricultural Faculty, South Bohemian University in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic)

  • A. Macek

    (Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Rapotín, Czech Republic)

  • M. Bjelka

    (Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Rapotín, Czech Republic)

  • F. Louda

    (Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Rapotín, Czech Republic)

  • L. Janů

    (Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Rapotín, Czech Republic)

Abstract

The concentration (c) of free fatty acids (FFAs) in milk is an indicator of dairy cow nutrition, milk straining, its bacterial contamination and storage quality. High FFA concentrations (cs) caused by lipolysis can damage the quality properties of milk products. Therefore the FFA content is introduced thanks to an increase in the efficiency of modern analytical methods as a milk quality indicator and as an indicator for its price as well. The goal of this paper was to analyse the FFA relations to the other milk quality indicators. The data set (n = 11 586) was evaluated by regression methods. In November and December the respective FFA means were 0.614 ± 0.458 and 0.835 ± 0.491 mmol/100 g with a relatively high variability of 74.6 and 58.8%. The frequency of unsatisfactory FFA values (> 1.3) was 7.51 and 13.93%. Casein content (r = -0.17; P < 0.01) and crude protein content (r = -0.12; P < 0.01) were related more closely with FFA c. The FFAs can increase by 0.066 mmol/100 g with casein decrease by 0.10%. The FFAs in milk fat can slightly increase by the supply of energy to dairy cows (protein and casein decrease) and rise with the deteriorating health state of mammary gland (lactose, r = -0.14; P < 0.01) as well. The somatic cell count correlated with FFAs more weakly (r = 0.07; P < 0.05), similarly like the total mesophilic bacteria count (r = 0.11; P < 0.01), relatively more closely the psychrotrophic bacteria count (r = 0.27; P < 0.05). The deterioration of almost all hygienic indicators signified an FFA c increase. The urea content correlated with FFAs weakly (r = -0.08; P < 0.05) and the fat content imperceptibly as a component of similar substance like FFAs. The mechanical milk stress led to FFA liberation from fat esters proportionally to the intervention intensity (P < 0.001). Even a relatively small mechanical stress caused by mixing comparable to the current milking technology, milk transport and storage increased the FFA c of milk fat from 1.11 ± 0.19 to 1.80 ± 0.40 mmol/100 g (P < 0.05). The highest experimental stress up to 6.88 ± 0.55 mmol/100 g (P < 0.001).

Suggested Citation

  • O. Hanuš & J. Vegricht & J. Frelich & A. Macek & M. Bjelka & F. Louda & L. Janů, 2008. "Analysis of raw cow milk quality according to free fatty acid contents in the Czech Republic," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 53(1), pages 17-30.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:1:id:2717-cjas
    DOI: 10.17221/2717-CJAS
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. D. Strusińska & D. Minakowski & B. Pysera & J. Kaliniewicz, 2006. "Effects of fat-protein supplementation of diets for cows in early lactation on milk yield and composition," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 51(5), pages 196-204.
    2. T. Komprda & R. Dvořák & M. Fialová & K. Šustová & A. Pechová, 2005. "Fatty acid content in milk of dairy cows on a diet with high fat content derived from rapeseed," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 50(7), pages 311-319.
    3. S.W. Zhai & J.X. Liu & Y.M. WU & J.A. YE & Y.N. XU, 2006. "Responses of milk urea nitrogen content to dietary crude protein level and degradability in lactatingHolsteindairy cows," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 51(12), pages 518-522.
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    Cited by:

    1. R. Cempírková & M. Mikulová, 2009. "Incidence of psychrotrophic lipolytic bacteria in cow's raw milk," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 54(2), pages 65-73.
    2. P. Kalač & E. Samková, 2010. "The effects of feeding various forages on fatty acid composition of bovine milk fat: A review," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 55(12), pages 521-537.
    3. R. Pietrzak-Fiećko & R. Tomczyński & A. Świstowska & Z. Borejszo & E. Kokoszko & K. Smoczyńska, 2009. "Effect of mare's breed on the fatty acid composition of milk fat," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 54(9), pages 403-407.
    4. J. Frelich & M. Šlachta & O. Hanuš & J. Špička & E. Samková, 2009. "Fatty acid composition of cow milk fat produced on low-input mountain farms," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 54(12), pages 532-539.

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