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Non-structural carbohydrates in the nutrition of high-yielding dairy cows during a transition period

Author

Listed:
  • K. Poláková

    (Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic
    Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Science, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • V. Kudrna

    (Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic)

  • A. Kodeš

    (Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Science, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • B. Hučko

    (Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Science, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • Z. Mudřík

    (Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Science, Prague, Czech Republic)

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to investigate experimentally the effect of different composition of non-structural carbohydrates (NFC) in prepartum feed rations administered to high-yielding dairy cows at a high concentration of NFC in the diet on dry matter intake both before and after parturition and on subsequent milk performance, body condition and physiological traits of rumen fluid and blood. Thirty-six high-yielding dairy cows were allocated into one of the three well-balanced groups (K, O, and C), and each group received a different feeding rations. Feeding rations differed in non-structural carbohydrate (NFC) structure. The "K" (control) group received a feeding ration with NFC in the form of maize starch in particular, while the feeding rations of the other two (experimental) groups contained either (besides maize starch) saccharose from dried sugar beet (the "O" group) or a dominant amount of NFC was in the form of saccharose (the "C" group). After calving, all dairy cows were given the same feeding ration from the first day after parturition. The experiment was conducted for 21 days before and 50 days after calving. FR in the form of total mixed ration was offered ad libitum. Dry matter intake, milk performance, body condition, live weight, and blood and rumen parameters were recorded for the duration of the experiment. Average daily dry matter intake before calving was highest in the "K" group (14.32 kg per head). Differences among groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Prepartum dry matter consumption dropped as the rate of saccharose in the diet of cows increased. Dry matter consumption levelled off after calving. Milk yield was also highest in the "K" group (43.71 kg/head/day), but fatness of milk and thus the production of fat corrected milk were lowest in this group. The highest milk fat content (4.10%) and fat corrected milk production (44.03 kg/head/day) were recorded in the "C" group, whereas the highest milk protein concentration was found in the milk of the "O" group. The composition of NFC affected dry matter intake before parturition, but these concentrations did not significantly affect dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition, live weight, body condition or blood serum and rumen fluid parameters after calving

Suggested Citation

  • K. Poláková & V. Kudrna & A. Kodeš & B. Hučko & Z. Mudřík, 2010. "Non-structural carbohydrates in the nutrition of high-yielding dairy cows during a transition period," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 55(11), pages 468-478.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:11:id:873-cjas
    DOI: 10.17221/873-CJAS
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    1. F. Jílek & P. Pytloun & M. Kubešová & M. Štípková & J. Bouška & J. Volek & J. Frelich & R. Rajmon, 2008. "Relationships among body condition score, milk yield and reproduction in Czech Fleckvieh cows," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 53(9), pages 357-367.
    2. Z.L. Liu & D.P. Yang & P. Chen & S.B. Lin & X.Y. Jiang & W.S. Zhao & J.M. Li & W.X. Dong, 2008. "Effect of dietary sources of roasted oilseeds on blood parameters and milk fatty acid composition," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 53(5), pages 219-226.
    3. S.W. Zhai & J.X. Liu & Y.M. WU & J.A. YE & Y.N. XU, 2006. "Responses of milk urea nitrogen content to dietary crude protein level and degradability in lactatingHolsteindairy cows," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 51(12), pages 518-522.
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    1. B. Niwińska & M. Andrzejewski, 2011. "Effect of the type of non-fibre carbohydrates in grass silage-based diets on in sacco ruminal degradability and protein value of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Sonet) seeds ground to different pa," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 56(5), pages 231-241.
    2. Renáta TOUŠOVÁ & Luděk STÁDNÍK & Jaromír DUCHÁČEK, 2013. "Effects of season and time of milking on spontaneous and induced lipolysis in bovine milk fat," Czech Journal of Food Sciences, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 31(1), pages 20-26.

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