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Mixed-Effects Poisson Regression Models for Meta-Analysis of Follow-Up Studies with Constant or Varying Durations

Author

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  • Bagos Pantelis G

    (University of Central Greece)

  • Nikolopoulos Georgios K

    (Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention)

Abstract

We present a framework for meta-analysis of follow-up studies with constant or varying duration using the binary nature of the data directly. We use a generalized linear mixed model framework with the Poisson likelihood and the log link function. We fit models with fixed and random study effects using Stata for performing meta-analysis of follow-up studies with constant or varying duration. The methods that we present are capable of estimating all the effect measures that are widely used in such studies such as the Risk Ratio, the Risk Difference (in case of studies with constant duration), as well as the Incidence Rate Ratio and the Incidence Rate Difference (for studies of varying duration). The methodology presented here naturally extends previously published methods for meta-analysis of binary data in a generalized linear mixed model framework using the Poisson likelihood. Simulation results suggest that the method is uniformly more powerful compared to summary based methods, in particular when the event rate is low and the number of studies is small. The methods were applied in several already published meta-analyses with very encouraging results. The methods are also directly applicable to individual patients' data offering advanced options for modeling heterogeneity and confounders. Extensions of the models for more complex situations, such as competing risks models or recurrent events are also discussed. The methods can be implemented in standard statistical software and illustrative code in Stata is given in the appendix.

Suggested Citation

  • Bagos Pantelis G & Nikolopoulos Georgios K, 2009. "Mixed-Effects Poisson Regression Models for Meta-Analysis of Follow-Up Studies with Constant or Varying Durations," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 5(1), pages 1-35, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:ijbist:v:5:y:2009:i:1:n:21
    DOI: 10.2202/1557-4679.1168
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia & Skrondal, Anders & Pickles, Andrew, 2005. "Maximum likelihood estimation of limited and discrete dependent variable models with nested random effects," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 128(2), pages 301-323, October.
    2. Sophia Rabe-Hesketh & Anders Skrondal & Andrew Pickles, 2002. "Reliable estimation of generalized linear mixed models using adaptive quadrature," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 2(1), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Sophia Rabe-Hesketh & Anders Skrondal & Andrew Pickles, 2003. "Maximum likelihood estimation of generalized linear models with covariate measurement error," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 3(4), pages 386-411, December.
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