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Policy convergence in authoritarian regimes: A comparative analysis of welfare state trajectories in post‐Soviet countries

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  • Angelo Vito Panaro

Abstract

Do authoritarian regimes adopt similar or equal policies? Despite the large literature on policy convergence in democracies, we know little about whether and to what extent authoritarian regimes follow analogous paths. This article argues that similar policy legacy, political and institutional context, and international influences lead to policy convergence among nondemocratic regimes. Analyzing welfare state trajectories in Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Tajikistan, the empirical analysis finds that the welfare state in the three post‐Soviet countries has converged at the level of social spending and the source of welfare financing, while divergence persists in disaggregated levels of social spending; configuration of key welfare programs, particularly in old‐age pensions and unemployment; and the extent of welfare state reforms. Overall, the findings provide important insights into the determinants of policy convergence in nondemocratic regimes and yield critical implications for future research on the welfare state's trajectory in former Soviet countries. ¿Los regímenes autoritarios adoptan políticas similares o iguales? A pesar de la abundante literatura sobre la convergencia de políticas en las democracias, sabemos poco sobre si los regímenes autoritarios siguen caminos análogos y en qué medida. Este artículo sostiene que un legado político similar, un contexto político e institucional e influencias internacionales similares conducen a la convergencia de políticas entre regímenes no democráticos. Al analizar las trayectorias del estado de bienestar en Kazajstán, la República Kirguisa y Tayikistán, el análisis empírico encuentra que el estado de bienestar en los tres países postsoviéticos ha convergido en el nivel del gasto social y la fuente de financiación del bienestar, mientras que la divergencia persiste en niveles desagregados. del gasto social; configuración de programas clave de seguridad social, particularmente en pensiones de vejez y desempleo; y el alcance de las reformas del estado de bienestar. En general, los hallazgos proporcionan importantes conocimientos sobre los determinantes de la convergencia de políticas en regímenes no democráticos y generan implicaciones críticas para futuras investigaciones sobre la trayectoria del Estado de bienestar en los países de la ex Unión Soviética. 威权主义政权是否采取类似或平等的政策?尽管有大量关于民主国家政策趋同的文献,但我们对威权主义政权是否以及在多大程度上遵循类似路径一事知之甚少。本文论证,相似的政策遗产、政治和制度情境、以及国际影响,会导致非民主政权中的政策趋同。通过分析哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯共和国和塔吉克斯坦的福利制度轨迹,本实证分析发现,这三个后苏联国家的福利制度在社会支出层面和福利融资来源上趋同,而在以下方面持续存在差异:社会支出的分散程度、主要社会保障计划的配置(特别是养老金和失业方案)、以及福利制度改革的程度。总体而言,这些发现为非民主政权中政策趋同的决定因素提供了重要见解,并对前苏联国家福利制度轨迹的未来研究提供了重要启示。.

Suggested Citation

  • Angelo Vito Panaro, 2024. "Policy convergence in authoritarian regimes: A comparative analysis of welfare state trajectories in post‐Soviet countries," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 41(6), pages 1017-1043, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:41:y:2024:i:6:p:1017-1043
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12600
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    1. Caroline Schlaufer & Annemieke van den Dool, 2024. "Policy processes in authoritarian settings," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 41(6), pages 860-864, November.

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