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Chinese cultural biases, value congruence, and support for and compliance with protective policies during the COVID‐19 pandemic

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  • Meng Yuan
  • Brendon Swedlow

Abstract

Public support for and voluntary compliance with protective policy measures are crucial to mitigating the spread of infectious disease. However, it is unclear why and how people with diverse cultural biases support particular protective policies. Relying on the Cultural Theory (CT) of risk, we hypothesize that value congruence with social distancing and a vaccine mandate during the COVID‐19 pandemic influences the level of public support for and compliance with these protective policies. Analyzing a Chinese nationwide sample, we find that the effects of cultural biases on public support and compliance vary not only with cultural biases but by how these are mediated through value congruence with particular protective policies. As hypothesized, hierarchical cultural biases increase public support for and compliance with social distancing and a vaccine mandates both directly and (indirectly) through value congruence. By contrast, as hypothesized, fatalistic cultural biases decrease public support for and compliance with social distancing both directly and (indirectly) through lack of value congruence and individualistic biases decrease public support for and compliance with social distancing and a vaccine mandate both directly and (indirectly) through lack of value congruence. However, the hypothesized effects of fatalistic biases did not hold for the vaccine mandate. We discuss reasons why these latter hypotheses regarding the vaccine mandate were not validated and suggest that risk analysts and communicators do more to discover and explain why particular protective policies are congruent with diverse cultural values. El apoyo público y el cumplimiento voluntario de las medidas de política de protección son cruciales para mitigar la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas. Sin embargo, no está claro por qué y cómo las personas con diversos sesgos culturales apoyan políticas de protección particulares. Basándonos en la teoría cultural (CT) del riesgo, planteamos la hipótesis de que la congruencia del valor con el distanciamiento social y el mandato de vacunación durante la pandemia de COVID‐19 influye en el nivel de apoyo público y el cumplimiento de estas políticas de protección. Al analizar una muestra china a nivel nacional, encontramos que los efectos de los sesgos culturales en el apoyo y el cumplimiento públicos varían no solo con los sesgos culturales, sino también con la forma en que estos están mediados a través de la congruencia de valores con políticas de protección particulares. Como se planteó como hipótesis, los sesgos culturales jerárquicos aumentan el apoyo público y el cumplimiento de los mandatos de distanciamiento social y vacuna tanto directamente como (indirectamente) a través de la congruencia de valores. Por el contrario, como se hipotetizó, los sesgos culturales fatalistas disminuyen el apoyo público y el cumplimiento del distanciamiento social tanto directa como (indirectamente) a través de la falta de congruencia de valores y los sesgos individualistas reducen el apoyo público y el cumplimiento del distanciamiento social y los mandatos de vacunación tanto directa como (indirectamente) por falta de congruencia de valores. Sin embargo, los efectos hipotéticos de los sesgos fatalistas no se mantuvieron para el mandato de la vacuna. Discutimos las razones por las cuales estas últimas hipótesis con respecto al mandato de la vacuna no fueron validadas y sugerimos que los analistas de riesgos y los comunicadores hagan más para descubrir y explicar por qué las políticas de protección particulares son congruentes con diversos valores culturales. 公众对保护性政策措施的支持和自愿遵守对于减缓传染病传播一事至关重要。不过,尚不清楚的是,具有不同文化偏见的人为何以及如何支持特定的保护性政策。基于风险文化理论(CT),我们假设,2019冠状病毒病(COVID‐19)大流行期间,与保持社交距离和疫苗强制令一致的价值观会影响公众对这些保护性政策的支持程度和遵守程度。通过分析一项全中国范围的样本,我们发现,文化偏见对公众支持与公众合规的影响不仅因文化偏见而存在差异,还因“与特定保护性政策一致的价值观如何调节文化偏见”而存在差异。正如假设的那样,等级文化偏见直接和(间接)通过价值观一致性来增加公众对保持社交距离和疫苗强制令的支持与遵守。相反,也如假设的那样,由于直接和(间接)缺乏价值观一致性,宿命论文化偏见降低了公众对保持社交距离的支持和遵守,并且由于直接和(间接)缺乏价值观一致性,个人主义偏见减少了公众对保持社交距离和疫苗强制令的支持和遵守。不过,宿命论偏见的假设影响并不适用于疫苗强制令。我们探讨了为何关于疫苗强制令的假设没有得到验证的原因,并建议风险分析师和传播者对此加以研究,以期发现和解释为何特定的保护性政策与不同的文化价值观相一致。

Suggested Citation

  • Meng Yuan & Brendon Swedlow, 2024. "Chinese cultural biases, value congruence, and support for and compliance with protective policies during the COVID‐19 pandemic," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 41(3), pages 415-447, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:41:y:2024:i:3:p:415-447
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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