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“Roll Back Malaria, Roll in Development”? Reassessing the Economic Burden of Malaria

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  • Randall M. Packard

Abstract

Recent efforts to mobilize support for malaria control have highlighted the economic burden of malaria and the value of malaria control for generating economic development. These claims have a long history. Beginning in the early twentieth century, they became the primary justification for malaria‐control programs in the American South and in other parts of the globe, including British India. Economists conducted none of these studies. Following World War II and the development of new anti‐malarial drugs and pesticides, including DDT, malaria control and eradication were increasingly presented as instruments for eliminating economic underdevelopment. By the 1960s, however, economists and demographers began to raise serious substantive and methodological questions about the basis of these claims. Of particular concern was the role of rapid population growth, resulting in part from the decline of malaria mortality, in undermining the short‐term economic gains achieved through malaria control. Despite these concerns, malaria continues to be presented as an economic problem in the work of Jeffrey Sachs and others, justifying massive investments in malaria control. The methodological basis of these claims is examined. The paper concludes that while malaria takes a dreadful toll in human lives and causes significant economic losses for individuals, families, and some industries, the evidence linking malaria control to national economic growth remains unconvincing. In addition, the evidence suggests that there are potential costs to justifying malaria‐eradication campaigns on macroeconomic grounds.

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  • Randall M. Packard, 2009. "“Roll Back Malaria, Roll in Development”? Reassessing the Economic Burden of Malaria," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 35(1), pages 53-87, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:popdev:v:35:y:2009:i:1:p:53-87
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2009.00261.x
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    2. Martine AUDIBERT & Pascale COMBES MOTEL & Alassane DRABO, 2010. "Global Burden of Disease and Economic Growth," Working Papers 201036, CERDI.
    3. Martine Audibert & Pascale Combes Motel & Alassane Drabo, 2013. "Health capital depreciation effects on development: theory and measurement," CERDI Working papers halshs-00832877, HAL.
    4. Jean-Claude Berthélemy & Josselin Thuilliez, 2014. "The economics of malaria in Africa," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-01045213, HAL.
    5. Lyttleton, Chris, 2016. "Deviance and resistance: Malaria elimination in the greater Mekong subregion," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 144-152.
    6. Alan Martina, 2009. "On the Constrained Contribution of Advances in Medical Knowledge to the Economic Growth of Developing Countries," ANU Working Papers in Economics and Econometrics 2009-504, Australian National University, College of Business and Economics, School of Economics.
    7. Sanjay Basu & Sepideh Modrek & Eran Bendavid, 2014. "Comparing Decisions for Malaria Testing and Presumptive Treatment," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 34(8), pages 996-1005, November.
    8. Jean-Claude Berthelemy & Josselin Thuilliez, 2014. "The economics of malaria in Africa," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-01045213, HAL.
    9. Jiawen Chen & Linlin Liu, 2023. "A historical perspective on informal institutional and international entrepreneurship," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.

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