IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/biomet/v78y2022i2p649-659.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Global sensitivity analysis of randomized trials with nonmonotone missing binary outcomes: Application to studies of substance use disorders

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel O. Scharfstein
  • Jon Steingrimsson
  • Aidan McDermott
  • Chenguang Wang
  • Souvik Ray
  • Aimee Campbell
  • Edward Nunes
  • Abigail Matthews

Abstract

In this paper, we present a method for conducting global sensitivity analysis of randomized trials in which binary outcomes are scheduled to be collected on participants at prespecified points in time after randomization and these outcomes may be missing in a nonmonotone fashion. We introduce a class of missing data assumptions, indexed by sensitivity parameters, which are anchored around the missing not at random assumption introduced by Robins (Statistics in Medicine, 1997). For each assumption in the class, we establish that the joint distribution of the outcomes is identifiable from the distribution of the observed data. Our estimation procedure uses the plug‐in principle, where the distribution of the observed data is estimated using random forests. We establish n$\sqrt {n}$ asymptotic properties for our estimation procedure. We illustrate our methodology in the context of a randomized trial designed to evaluate a new approach to reducing substance use, assessed by testing urine samples twice weekly, among patients entering outpatient addiction treatment. We evaluate the finite sample properties of our method in a realistic simulation study. Our methods have been implemented in an R package entitled slabm.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel O. Scharfstein & Jon Steingrimsson & Aidan McDermott & Chenguang Wang & Souvik Ray & Aimee Campbell & Edward Nunes & Abigail Matthews, 2022. "Global sensitivity analysis of randomized trials with nonmonotone missing binary outcomes: Application to studies of substance use disorders," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 78(2), pages 649-659, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:biomet:v:78:y:2022:i:2:p:649-659
    DOI: 10.1111/biom.13455
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/biom.13455
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/biom.13455?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stefan Wager & Susan Athey, 2018. "Estimation and Inference of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects using Random Forests," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 113(523), pages 1228-1242, July.
    2. Daniel Scharfstein & Aidan McDermott & Iván Díaz & Marco Carone & Nicola Lunardon & Ibrahim Turkoz, 2018. "Global sensitivity analysis for repeated measures studies with informative drop†out: A semi†parametric approach," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 74(1), pages 207-219, March.
    3. Stijn Vansteelandt & Andrea Rotnitzky & James Robins, 2007. "Estimation of Regression Models for the Mean of Repeated Outcomes Under Nonignorable Nonmonotone Nonresponse," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 94(4), pages 841-860.
    4. Steffen L. Lauritzen & Thomas S. Richardson, 2002. "Chain graph models and their causal interpretations," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 64(3), pages 321-348, August.
    5. BaoLuo Sun & Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen, 2018. "On Inverse Probability Weighting for Nonmonotone Missing at Random Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 113(521), pages 369-379, January.
    6. Suzie Cro & James R. Carpenter & Michael G. Kenward, 2019. "Information‐anchored sensitivity analysis: theory and application," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 182(2), pages 623-645, February.
    7. Jolene Birmingham & Andrea Rotnitzky & Garrett M. Fitzmaurice, 2003. "Pattern–mixture and selection models for analysing longitudinal data with monotone missing patterns," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 65(1), pages 275-297, February.
    8. Joseph Ibrahim & Geert Molenberghs, 2009. "Missing data methods in longitudinal studies: a review," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 18(1), pages 1-43, May.
    9. Joseph Ibrahim & Geert Molenberghs, 2009. "Rejoinder on: Missing data methods in longitudinal studies: a review," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 18(1), pages 68-75, May.
    10. Mauricio Sadinle & Jerome P. Reiter, 2017. "Itemwise conditionally independent nonresponse modelling for incomplete multivariate data," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 104(1), pages 207-220.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yilin Li & Wang Miao & Ilya Shpitser & Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen, 2023. "A self‐censoring model for multivariate nonignorable nonmonotone missing data," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 79(4), pages 3203-3214, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Weiping Zhang & Feiyue Xie & Jiaxin Tan, 2020. "A robust joint modeling approach for longitudinal data with informative dropouts," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 1759-1783, December.
    2. Wan-Lun Wang, 2019. "Mixture of multivariate t nonlinear mixed models for multiple longitudinal data with heterogeneity and missing values," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 28(1), pages 196-222, March.
    3. Heng Chen & Daniel F. Heitjan, 2022. "Analysis of local sensitivity to nonignorability with missing outcomes and predictors," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 78(4), pages 1342-1352, December.
    4. Zhou, Jing & Lan, Wei & Wang, Hansheng, 2022. "Asymptotic covariance estimation by Gaussian random perturbation," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    5. Maria Gheorghe & Susan Picavet & Monique Verschuren & Werner B. F. Brouwer & Pieter H. M. Baal, 2017. "Health losses at the end of life: a Bayesian mixed beta regression approach," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 180(3), pages 723-749, June.
    6. Cai, T. Tony & Zhang, Anru, 2016. "Minimax rate-optimal estimation of high-dimensional covariance matrices with incomplete data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 55-74.
    7. Jouni Kuha & Myrsini Katsikatsou & Irini Moustaki, 2018. "Latent variable modelling with non‐ignorable item non‐response: multigroup response propensity models for cross‐national analysis," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 181(4), pages 1169-1192, October.
    8. A. R. Linero, 2017. "Bayesian nonparametric analysis of longitudinal studies in the presence of informative missingness," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 104(2), pages 327-341.
    9. Li, Chao & Sun, Daoming, 2023. "Women’s bargaining power and spending on children’s education: Evidence from a natural experiment in China," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    10. Francesco Bravo, 2020. "Robust estimation and inference for general varying coefficient models with missing observations," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 29(4), pages 966-988, December.
    11. Li, Chao & Zhang, Yuhan & Li, Xiang & Hao, Yanwei, 2024. "Artificial intelligence, household financial fragility and energy resources consumption: Impacts of digital disruption from a demand-based perspective," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    12. Tithi Biswas & Kylie H. Kang & Rohin Gawdi & David Bajor & Mitchell Machtay & Charu Jindal & Jimmy T. Efird, 2020. "Using the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) as a Mid-Treatment Marker for Survival among Patients with Stage-III Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, October.
    13. D. Claire Miller & Samantha MaWhinney & Jennifer L. Patnaik & Karen L. Christopher & Anne M. Lynch & Brandie D. Wagner, 2022. "Predictors of refraction prediction error after cataract surgery: a shared parameter model to account for missing post-operative measurements," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 31(2), pages 343-364, June.
    14. An-Min Tang & Nian-Sheng Tang & Dalei Yu, 2023. "Bayesian semiparametric joint model of multivariate longitudinal and survival data with dependent censoring," Lifetime Data Analysis: An International Journal Devoted to Statistical Methods and Applications for Time-to-Event Data, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 888-918, October.
    15. Nanhua Zhang & Henian Chen & Yuanshu Zou, 2014. "A joint model of binary and longitudinal data with non-ignorable missingness, with application to marital stress and late-life major depression in women," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(5), pages 1028-1039, May.
    16. Antonello Maruotti, 2015. "Handling non-ignorable dropouts in longitudinal data: a conditional model based on a latent Markov heterogeneity structure," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 24(1), pages 84-109, March.
    17. Li, Xiaofei & Huebner, E. Scott & Tian, Lili, 2021. "Vicious cycle of emotional maltreatment and bullying perpetration/victimization among early adolescents: Depressive symptoms as a mediator," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    18. Lechner, Michael, 2018. "Modified Causal Forests for Estimating Heterogeneous Causal Effects," IZA Discussion Papers 12040, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. William Arbour, 2021. "Can Recidivism be Prevented from Behind Bars? Evidence from a Behavioral Program," Working Papers tecipa-683, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
    20. Alexandre Belloni & Victor Chernozhukov & Denis Chetverikov & Christian Hansen & Kengo Kato, 2018. "High-dimensional econometrics and regularized GMM," CeMMAP working papers CWP35/18, Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, Institute for Fiscal Studies.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:biomet:v:78:y:2022:i:2:p:649-659. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0006-341X .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.