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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of restaurant menu calorie labeling

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Listed:
  • Long, M.W.
  • Tobias, D.K.
  • Cradock, A.L.
  • Batchelder, H.
  • Gortmaker, S.L.

Abstract

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the relationship between menu calorie labeling and calories ordered or purchased in the PubMed, Web of Science, PolicyFile, and PAIS International databases through October 2013. Among 19 studies, menu calorie labeling was associated witha-18.13kilocalorie reduction ordered per meal with significant heterogeneity across studies (95% confidence interval = -33.56, -2.70; P=.021; I2= 61.0%). However, among 6 controlled studiesin restaurant settings, labeling was associated with a nonsignificant -7.63 kilocalorie reduction (95% confidence interval = -21.02, 5.76; P=.264; I2= 9.8%). Although current evidence does not support a significant impact on calories ordered, menu calorie labeling is a relatively low-cost education strategy that may lead consumers to purchase slightly fewer calories. These findings are limited by significant heterogeneity among nonrestaurant studies and few studies conducted in restaurant settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Long, M.W. & Tobias, D.K. & Cradock, A.L. & Batchelder, H. & Gortmaker, S.L., 2015. "Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of restaurant menu calorie labeling," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(5), pages 11-24.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2015.302570_2
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302570
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    Cited by:

    1. Brouwer, Inga D. & van Liere, Marti J. & de Brauw, Alan & Dominguez-Salas, Paula & Herforth, Anna & Kennedy, Gina & Lachat, Carl & van Omosa, Esther & Talsma, Elsie F. & Vandevijvere, Stephanie & Fanz, 2022. "IFAD Research Series 75: Reverse thinking: taking a healthy diet perspective towards food systems transformations," IFAD Research Series 321954, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).
    2. Chien‐Yu Lai & John A List & Anya Samek, 2020. "Got Milk? Using Nudges to Reduce Consumption of Added Sugar," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 102(1), pages 154-168, January.
    3. Dolly R Z Theis & Jean Adams, 2019. "Differences in energy and nutritional content of menu items served by popular UK chain restaurants with versus without voluntary menu labelling: A cross-sectional study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Pierre Dubois & Paulo Albuquerque & Olivier Allais & Céline Bonnet & Patrice Bertail & Pierre Combris & Saadi Lahlou & Natalie Rigal & Bernard Ruffieux & Pierre Chandon, 2021. "Effects of front-of-pack labels on the nutritional quality of supermarket food purchases: evidence from a large-scale randomized controlled trial," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 49(1), pages 119-138, January.
    5. Brandon J. Restrepo, 2017. "Calorie Labeling in Chain Restaurants and Body Weight: Evidence from New York," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(10), pages 1191-1209, October.
    6. Jingmin Ding & Yuewen Sun & Yuan Li & Jing He & Harriet Sinclair & Wenwen Du & Huijun Wang & Puhong Zhang, 2020. "Systematic Review on International Salt Reduction Policy in Restaurants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-25, December.
    7. Romain Cadario & Pierre Chandon, 2020. "Which Healthy Eating Nudges Work Best? A Meta-Analysis of Field Experiments," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 39(3), pages 465-486, May.
    8. Azzurra Annunziata & Angela Mariani, 2016. "The role of nutritional labeling in promoting healthier food choices: a review of the major issues in the EU," RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA', FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2016(2), pages 107-119.
    9. Aner Tal & Yaniv Gvili & Moty Amar, 2021. "Visual Size Matters: The Effect of Product Depiction Size on Calorie Estimates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-19, November.
    10. Saksena, Michelle J. & Okrent, Abigail M. & Anekwe, Tobenna D. & Cho, Clare & Dicken, Christopher & Effland, Anne & Elitzak, Howard & Guthrie, Joanne & Hamrick, Karen S. & Hyman, Jeffrey & Jo, Young &, 2018. "America’s Eating Habits:Food Away From Home," Economic Information Bulletin 281119, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    11. Nadja S. J. Hanssen & Joost O. Linschooten & J. Hein M. van Lieverloo & Annet J. C. Roodenburg, 2021. "What Is on the Menu?—A Quantitative Analysis on Label Format among (Potential) Restaurant Guests and Restaurant Owners," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-12, November.
    12. Laiou, Elpiniki & Rapti, Iro & Schwarzer, Ralf & Fleig, Lena & Cianferotti, Luisella & Ngo, Joy & Rizos, Evangelos C. & Wetle, Terrie Fox & Kahlmeier, Sonja & Vigilanza, Antonella & Tsilidis, Konstant, 2021. "Review: Nudge interventions to promote healthy diets and physical activity," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    13. Santana, Shelle & Thomas, Manoj & Morwitz, Vicki G., 2020. "The Role of Numbers in the Customer Journey," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 138-154.
    14. Aneel Karnani & Brent McFerran & Anirban Mukhopadhyay, 2016. "The Obesity Crisis as Market Failure: An Analysis of Systemic Causes and Corrective Mechanisms," Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, University of Chicago Press, vol. 1(3), pages 445-470.
    15. I. D. Brouwer & M. J. Liere & A. Brauw & P. Dominguez-Salas & A. Herforth & G. Kennedy & C. Lachat & E. B. Omosa & E. F. Talsma & S. Vandevijvere & J. Fanzo & M. Ruel, 2021. "Reverse thinking: taking a healthy diet perspective towards food systems transformations," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 13(6), pages 1497-1523, December.
    16. Seah, Sharna Si Ying & van Dam, Rob M. & Tai, Bee Choo & Tay, Zoey & Wang, May C. & Rebello, Salome A., 2022. "An evaluation of the healthier dining programme effects on university student and staff choices in Singapore: A cluster-randomized trial," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    17. Reham M. Algheshairy & Raghad M. Alhomaid & Mona S. Almujaydil & Hend F. Alharbi & Woroud A. Alsanei, 2022. "Influence of Using Food Delivery Applications on Adult Saudi Female Dietary Habits and Preferences during COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions: Attitude Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, October.
    18. Clarke, Brydie & Swinburn, Boyd & Sacks, Gary, 2019. "Investigating menu kilojoule labelling policy adoption from a political science perspective," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    19. Irina Dolgopolova & Alessia Toscano & Jutta Roosen, 2021. "Different Shades of Nudges: Moderating Effects of Individual Characteristics and States on the Effectiveness of Nudges during a Fast-Food Order," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-12, December.
    20. Long Hoang Nguyen & Bach Xuan Tran & Huong Lan Thi Nguyen & Huong Thi Le & Hoa Thi Do & Anh Kim Dang & Cuong Tat Nguyen & Carl A. Latkin & Melvyn W. B. Zhang & Roger C. M. Ho, 2018. "Socio-Economic Disparities in Attitude and Preference for Menu Labels among Vietnamese Restaurant Customers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-10, March.
    21. E. Reijnen & S. J. Kühne & H. M. Gugelberg & A. Crameri, 2019. "Nudged to a Menu Position: The Role of “I’m Loving It”!," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 42(3), pages 441-453, September.
    22. Todd, Jessica E. & Mancino, Lisa & Restrepo, Brandon J. & Dicken, Christopher W. & Breneman, Vincent E. & Kavanaugh, Claudine, 2017. "The Effect of Restaurant Calorie Labeling on Dietary Intake," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 259177, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    23. J. M. Bauer & L. A. Reisch, 2019. "Behavioural Insights and (Un)healthy Dietary Choices: a Review of Current Evidence," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 42(1), pages 3-45, March.
    24. Melissa Fuster & Margaret A. Handley & Tamara Alam & Lee Ann Fullington & Brian Elbel & Krishnendu Ray & Terry T-K Huang, 2021. "Facilitating Healthier Eating at Restaurants: A Multidisciplinary Scoping Review Comparing Strategies, Barriers, Motivators, and Outcomes by Restaurant Type and Initiator," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-18, February.

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