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Cost and trade impacts of environmental regulations: effluent control and the New Zealand dairy sector

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  • Cassells, Sue M.
  • Meister, Anton D.

Abstract

New Zealand legislation sets standards for water quality. Nitrogen leaching from dairy effluent compromises these standards, with the consequent move being toward land‐based effluent disposal. The cost of this to the dairy sector was estimated and a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model (GTAP) was used to investigate the impact of additional production costs on NZ’s dairy export trade. Two scenarios were analysed: first, NZ acts unilaterally in imposing water quality regulations, second, the other principal dairy exporters act in a similar fashion. Changes in trade patterns vary from insignificant to large, depending on the scenario analysed.

Suggested Citation

  • Cassells, Sue M. & Meister, Anton D., 2001. "Cost and trade impacts of environmental regulations: effluent control and the New Zealand dairy sector," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 45(2), pages 1-18.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aareaj:117392
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.117392
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michael J. Ferrantino, 1997. "International Trade, Environmental Quality and Public Policy," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(1), pages 43-72, January.
    2. Heimlich, Ralph E. & Barnard, Charles H., 1995. "Economics of Agricultural Management Measures in the Coastal Zone," Agricultural Economic Reports 308419, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    3. Hertel, Thomas, 1997. "Global Trade Analysis: Modeling and applications," GTAP Books, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, number 7685, December.
    4. Dean, Judith M., 1992. "Trade and the environment : a survey of the literature," Policy Research Working Paper Series 966, The World Bank.
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    2. Cassey, Andrew J. & Galinato, Suzette P. & Taylor, Justin L., 2012. "Environmental Regulation and Regional Economy: Economic Impacts of the Elimination of Azinphos-methyl on the Apple Industry and Washington State," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 43(2), pages 1-22.
    3. Bennett, Jeffrey W., 2005. "Australasian environmental economics: contributions, conflicts and ‘cop-outs’," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 49(3), pages 1-19.
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    5. Ghosh, Madanmohan & Rao, Someshwar, 2004. "Economic Impacts of a Possible Canada-U.S. Customs Union: Simulation Results From a Dynamic CGE Model," Conference papers 331192, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    6. Kenneth A. Baerenklau & Nermin Nergis & Kurt A. Schwabe, 2008. "Effects of Nutrient Restrictions on Confined Animal Facilities: Insights from a Structural‐Dynamic Model," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 56(2), pages 219-241, June.
    7. Baerenklau, Kenneth A. & Nergis, Nermin & Schwabe, Kurt A., 2007. "Effects of Nutrient Restrictions on Confined Animal Facilities: Insights from a Structural Model," 2007 Annual Meeting, July 29-August 1, 2007, Portland, Oregon 10253, Western Agricultural Economics Association.
    8. Junqian Xu & Yuanyuan Wu, 2018. "A Comparative Study of the Role of Australia and New Zealand in Sustainable Dairy Competition in the Chinese Market after the Dairy Safety Scandals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-24, December.

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