IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/svrwwp/032022.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Gesteuerte Erwerbsmigration nach Deutschland

Author

Listed:
  • Brücker, Herbert
  • Adunts, Davit
  • Fendel, Tanja
  • Hauptmann, Andreas
  • Keita, Sekou
  • Konle-Seidl, Regina

Abstract

[Einleitung ...] Gegenstand dieser Expertise ist vor diesem Hintergrund eine Analyse der gegenwärtigen und künftigen Entwicklung des Arbeitsangebots in Deutschland, der Erwerbsmigration nach Deutschland, der Arbeitsmarktintegration von Migrantinnen und Migranten und eine Diskussion der sich daraus ergebenden Schlussfolgerungen für eine nachhaltige Steuerung der Erwerbsmigration. Das folgende Kapitel beschreibt die Entwicklung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials in Deutschland unter verschiedenen Annahmen über das Wanderungssaldo sowie der Spannung im deutschen Arbeitsmarkt auf Grundlage der IAB-Stellenerhebung. Dies gibt aus einer gesamtwirtschaftlichen Perspektive Hinweise über die Entwicklung des Arbeitskräftebedarfs in Deutschland (Kapitel 2). Kapitel 3 untersucht die Entwicklung der Migration nach Deutschland aus der EU und Drittstaaten. Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse steht dabei die Frage, in welchem Umfang bislang die verschiedenen rechtlichen Regelungen für den Zuzug und die Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit in Deutschland aus Drittstaaten genutzt werden. Kapitel 4 analysiert die Dynamik des Umfangs und der Struktur der Beschäftigung von Migrantinnen und Migranten. Zusammen mit der Veränderung der Struktur der Arbeitsnachfrage gemessen an den offenen Stellen ergeben sich daraus auch Hinweise, wie sich die Beschäftigungs- und Tätigkeitsstrukturen in Deutschland verändern und welche Schlussfolgerungen daraus für den Arbeitskräftebedarf zu ziehen sind. Die Arbeitsmarktintegration wird nicht allein von dem Humankapital der Migrantinnen und Migranten und anderen Fähigkeiten beeinflusst, sondern auch von den rechtlichen und institutionellen Zuzugs- und Aufenthaltsbedingungen. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht Kapitel 5 die Zusammenhänge zwischen Arbeitsmarktintegration und verschiedenen Zuzugsund Aufenthaltsregelungen im deutschen Einwanderungsrecht. Dabei liegt ein besonderer Schwerpunkt auf der Westbalkanregelung, weil sie anders als viele andere Zuzugswege den Zugang zum deutschen Arbeitsmarkt auch ohne Qualifikationsauflagen ermöglicht. Abschließend werden die Regelungen des gegenwärtigen, zuletzt durch das Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetz novellierten, Aufenthaltsrechts in Hinblick auf seine Steuerungswirkungen für den Zuzug von Arbeitskräften und anderen Erwerbstätigen analysiert. Dabei liegt ein Schwerpunkt auf der Anerkennung beruflicher Abschlüsse in Deutschland, die mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit eine wesentliche Hürde für den Zuzug von qualifizierten Arbeitskräften aus dem Ausland ist. Darauf aufbauend werden verschiedene Politikoptionen für eine Reform des Einwanderungsrechts sowie die jüngsten Reformvorschläge der Bundesregierung diskutiert (Kapitel 6).

Suggested Citation

  • Brücker, Herbert & Adunts, Davit & Fendel, Tanja & Hauptmann, Andreas & Keita, Sekou & Konle-Seidl, Regina, 2022. "Gesteuerte Erwerbsmigration nach Deutschland," Working Papers 03/2022, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:svrwwp:032022
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/266412/1/1822541557.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bertoli, Simone & Brücker, Herbert & Fernández-Huertas Moraga, Jesús, 2016. "The European crisis and migration to Germany," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 61-72.
    2. Christian Dustmann & Tommaso Frattini & Caroline Halls, 2010. "Assessing the Fiscal Costs and Benefits of A8 Migration to the UK," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 31(1), pages 1-41, March.
    3. Autor, David H., 2013. "The "task approach" to labor markets : an overview," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 46(3), pages 185-199.
    4. Simonetta Longhi & Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2005. "A Meta‐Analytic Assessment of the Effect of Immigration on Wages," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(3), pages 451-477, July.
    5. Rachel M. Friedberg & Jennifer Hunt, 1995. "The Impact of Immigrants on Host Country Wages, Employment and Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 9(2), pages 23-44, Spring.
    6. Simonetta LONGHI & Peter NIJKAMP & Jacques POOT, 2008. "Meta-Analysis Of Empirical Evidence On The Labour Market Impacts Of Immigration," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 27, pages 161-191.
    7. David H. Autor & David Dorn, 2013. "The Growth of Low-Skill Service Jobs and the Polarization of the US Labor Market," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 103(5), pages 1553-1597, August.
    8. Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano & Giovanni Peri, 2021. "The economic value of cultural diversity: evidence from US cities," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Firms and Workers in a Globalized World Larger Markets, Tougher Competition, chapter 7, pages 187-222, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    9. repec:iab:iabjlr:v:54:i:1:p:art.10 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Frédéric Docquier & Çağlar Ozden & Giovanni Peri, 2016. "The Labour Market Effects Of Immigration And Emigration In Oecd Countries," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: The Economics of International Migration, chapter 6, pages 187-226, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    11. Christian Dustmann & Tommaso Frattini, 2014. "The Fiscal Effects of Immigration to the UK," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 124(580), pages 593-643, November.
    12. Jonathan Chaloff & Georges Lemaître, 2009. "Managing Highly-Skilled Labour Migration: A Comparative Analysis of Migration Policies and Challenges in OECD Countries," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 79, OECD Publishing.
    13. Stella Capuano & Silvia Migali, 2017. "The migration of professionals within the EU: Any barriers left?," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(4), pages 760-773, September.
    14. Acemoglu, Daron & Autor, David, 2011. "Skills, Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earnings," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 12, pages 1043-1171, Elsevier.
    15. Dauth, Wolfgang & Eppelsheimer, Johann, 2020. "Preparing the sample of integrated labour market biographies (SIAB) for scientific analysis," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 54(1), pages 1-10.
    16. Kjetil Storesletten, 2000. "Sustaining Fiscal Policy through Immigration," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 108(2), pages 300-323, April.
    17. Dauth, Wolfgang & Eppelsheimer, Johann, 2020. "Preparing the sample of integrated labour market biographies (SIAB) for scientific analysis," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 54(1), pages .10(1-10).
    18. Boeri, Tito & Brucker, Herbert & Docquier, Frederic & Rapoport, Hillel (ed.), 2012. "Brain Drain and Brain Gain: The Global Competition to Attract High-Skilled Migrants," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199654826.
    19. Holger Bonin & Bernd Raffelhüschen & Jan Walliser, 2000. "Can Immigration Alleviate the Demographic Burden?," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 57(1), pages 1-21, September.
    20. Jens Suedekum & Katja Wolf & Uwe Blien, 2014. "Cultural Diversity and Local Labour Markets," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(1), pages 173-191, January.
    21. Simone Bertoli & Herbert BrÜcker & Jesús FernÁndez-Huertas Moraga, 2016. "The European crisis and migration to Germany," Post-Print halshs-01355040, HAL.
    22. Wolfgang Dauth & Johann Eppelsheimer, 2020. "Preparing the sample of integrated labour market biographies (SIAB) for scientific analysis: a guide," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 54(1), pages 1-14, December.
    23. Bernt Bratsberg & James F. Ragan Jr., 2002. "The Impact of Host-Country Schooling on Earnings: A Study of Male Immigrants in the United States," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 37(1), pages 63-105.
    24. Christian Dustmann & Uta Schönberg & Jan Stuhler, 2016. "The Impact of Immigration: Why Do Studies Reach Such Different Results?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 30(4), pages 31-56, Fall.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bonin, Holger & Krause-Pilatus, Annabelle & Rinne, Ulf & Brücker, Herbert, 2020. "Wirtschaftliche Effekte der EU-Arbeitskräftemobilität in den Ziel- und Herkunftsländern," IZA Research Reports 102, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Anthony Edo & Lionel Ragot & Hillel Rapoport & Sulin Sardoschau & Andreas Steinmayr, 2018. "The Effects of Immigration in Developed Countries: Insights from Recent Economic Research," CEPII Policy Brief 2018-22, CEPII research center.
    3. Sari Pekkala Kerr & William R. Kerr, 2011. "Economic Impacts of Immigration: A Survey," Finnish Economic Papers, Finnish Economic Association, vol. 24(1), pages 1-32, Spring.
    4. Lin, Gary C., 2019. "High-skilled immigration and native task specialization in U.S. cities," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 289-305.
    5. Bachmann, Ronald & Demir, Gökay & Green, Colin & Uhlendorff, Arne, 2022. "The Role of Within-Occupation Task Change in Wage Development," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264113, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    6. Eleftherios Giovanis, 2022. "The effects of international migration on well-being of natives and immigrants: evidence from Germany, Switzerland and the UK," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(6), pages 1-33, June.
    7. Anthony Edo & Lionel Ragot & Hillel Rapoport & Sulin Sardoschau & Andreas Steinmayr & Arthur Sweetman, 2020. "An introduction to the economics of immigration in OECD countries," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 53(4), pages 1365-1403, November.
    8. Caroline Neuber-Pohl & Damiano Pregaldini & Uschi Backes-Gellner & Sandra Dummert & Harald Pfeifer, 2023. "How negative labor supply shocks affect training in firms: Lessons from opening the Swiss-German border," Economics of Education Working Paper Series 0203, University of Zurich, Department of Business Administration (IBW), revised Nov 2023.
    9. Aubry, Amandine & Burzyński, Michał & Docquier, Frédéric, 2016. "The welfare impact of global migration in OECD countries," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 1-21.
    10. Marcus H. Böhme & Sarah Kups, 2017. "The economic effects of labour immigration in developing countries: A literature review," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 335, OECD Publishing.
    11. Dustmann, Christian & Glitz, Albrecht, 2011. "Migration and Education," Handbook of the Economics of Education, in: Erik Hanushek & Stephen Machin & Ludger Woessmann (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 0, pages 327-439, Elsevier.
    12. Frédéric Docquier & Riccardo Turati & Jérôme Valette & Chrysovalantis Vasilakis, 2020. "Birthplace diversity and economic growth: evidence from the US states in the Post-World War II period [Cultural diversity and economic growth: evidence from the US during the age of mass migration]," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 20(2), pages 321-354.
    13. de la Rica, Sara & Glitz, Albrecht & Ortega, Francesc, 2013. "Immigration in Europe: Trends, Policies and Empirical Evidence," IZA Discussion Papers 7778, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Bonin, Holger, 2017. "The Potential Economic Benefits of Education of Migrants in the EU," IZA Research Reports 75, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    15. Ian Preston, 2014. "The Effect of Immigration on Public Finances," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 124(580), pages 569-592, November.
    16. Zaiceva, A. & Zimmermann, K.F., 2016. "Migration and the Demographic Shift," Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, in: Piggott, John & Woodland, Alan (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 0, pages 119-177, Elsevier.
    17. Sacit Hadi Akdede & Eleftherios Giovanis, 2022. "The Impact of Migration Flows on Well-Being of Elderly Natives and Migrants: Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 160(2), pages 935-967, April.
    18. Andreas Beerli & Ronald Indergand & Johannes S. Kunz, 2023. "The supply of foreign talent: how skill-biased technology drives the location choice and skills of new immigrants," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 36(2), pages 681-718, April.
    19. Christian Dustmann & Giovanni Facchini & Cora Signorotto, 2015. "Population, Migration, Ageing and Health: A Survey," Discussion Papers 2015-17, University of Nottingham, GEP.
    20. S. Longhi & P. Nijkamp & J. Poot, 2010. "Joint impacts of immigration on wages and employment: review and meta-analysis," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 355-387, December.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:zbw:svrwwp:032022. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/svrgvde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.