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Die Entwicklung der technologischen Wissensbasis in technologiegetriebenen Industrien am Beispiel der deutschen Solarindustrie: Eine empirische Analyse der Akteure und ihrer Herkunft

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  • Ackermann, Malte
  • Brenner, Thomas
  • Lorenz, Steffi
  • Stephan, Michael

Abstract

Die Entstehung von Technologien und Industrien ist ein vielschichtiger und komplexer Prozess. Lebenszykluskonzepte, welche dem evolutorischen Grundgedanken entlehnt sind, versuchen Phasen und Muster der zeitlichen Entwicklung von Objekten nachzuzeichnen. Im vorliegenden Diskussionspapier soll die Entfaltung der Solartechnologie und der deutschen Solarbranche analysiert werden. Die Branche gilt als eine der dynamischsten und wissensintensivsten der deutschen Industrie, zugleich aber auch als eine der subventionsabhängigsten. Das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags liegt in der Identifikation, Beschreibung und Klassifizierung derjenigen Akteure, die in verschiedenen Phasen der Diffusion der solarindustriespezifischen Schlüsseltechnologie eine relevante Rolle spielen. Es zeigt sich, dass der Eintritt in die Solar-Schlüsseltechnologiefelder bevorzugt durch die technologische Diversifikation von Unternehmen erfolgt. Eine zunehmende Bedeutung einzelner Akteursgruppen im Verlauf des Industrie- und Technologielebenszyklus konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Die Anzahl der akteursgruppenbezogenen Markteintritte blieb über den Betrachtungszeitraum hinweg relativ konstant, dies deutet einerseits daraufhin, dass sich diese Branche immer noch in der Wachstumsphase befindet, andererseits führen die angebots- sowie nachfrageseitigen Subventionen zu erheblichen Verzerrungen in der Branche. Aufbauend auf diesen Erkenntnissen wurde die These formuliert, dass die Scheiterungswahrscheinlichkeit von Neugründungen in den frühen Phasen des Lebenszyklus aufgrund der intensiven, öffentlichen Förderung tendenziell geringer ist. Diese Annahme konnte bestätigt werden. Bemerkenswert ist in diesem Kontext, dass im Falle des Scheiterns gerade diejenigen Unternehmen die höchste Überlebensdauer aufweisen, die in vergleichsweise frühen Jahren des Industrielebenszyklus gegründet wurden. Es kommt vermeintlich zu einer Art verspäteten Insolvenz. Ob sich diese Tatsache ausschließlich auf die intensive, öffentliche Förderung zurückführen lässt, konnte jedoch noch nicht abschließend geklärt werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Ackermann, Malte & Brenner, Thomas & Lorenz, Steffi & Stephan, Michael, 2011. "Die Entwicklung der technologischen Wissensbasis in technologiegetriebenen Industrien am Beispiel der deutschen Solarindustrie: Eine empirische Analyse der Akteure und ihrer Herkunft," Discussion Papers on Strategy and Innovation 11-05, Philipps-University Marburg, Department of Technology and Innovation Management (TIM).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:martim:1105
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    References listed on IDEAS

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