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Entwicklungslinien der Weltwirtschaft: Stilisierte Fakten und Ansätze zur Erklärung

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  • Siebert, Horst

Abstract

Was die Weltwirtschaft angeht, - bemerkt Tucholsky bissig in seinem Essay "Kurzer Abriß der Nationalökonomie" in den zwanziger Jahren - "so ist sie verflochten". Und er fährt fort: "Eine wichtige Rolle im Handel spielt der Export. Export ist, wenn die anderen kaufen sollen, was wir nicht kaufen können; auch ist es unpatriotisch, fremde Waren zu kaufen.... Wenn der Export andersrum geht, heißt er Import, welches im Plural eine Zigarre ist. Weil billiger Weizen ungesund ist und lange nicht so bekömmlich wie teurer Roggen, haben wir den Schutzzoll, der den Zoll schützt wie auch die deutsche Landwirtschaft. Die deutsche Landwirtschaft wohnt seit 25 Jahren am Rande des Abgrunds und fühlt sich dort ziemlich wohl." Trifft diese Einschätzung eines Literaten aus den zwanziger Jahren die heutige Situation der Weltwirtschaft? Werden administrative Handelshemmnisse und Selbstbeschränkungsabkommen in Industrie- und Entwicklungsländern die internationale Arbeitsteilung lahmlegen? Führen die aufkommenden bilateralen Kompensationsgeschäfte in die steinzeitliche Tauschwirtschaft, in die Zeit der Hinkelsteine von Asterix und Obelix zurück? Droht der Weltwirtschaft eine protektionistische Phase, in der sich einzelne Länder von der internationalen Arbeitsteilung abkoppeln? Wollen sich die Länder der Welt zunehmend als Freifahrer oder Trittbrettler der Weltwirtschaft verhalten, also die Vorteile der internationalen Spezialisierung einstecken, ohne die heimischen Sektoren der frischen Brise des internationalen Wettbewerbs auszusetzen? Können die Industrienationen den Entwicklungsländern auf Dauer mögliche Entwicklungschancen verwehren, indem sie fußkranke Wirtschaftszweige wie den Agrarbereich, Textil, Kohle, Stahl und die Werften gegen langfristige internationale Entwicklungstendenzen schützen? Wie verlagern sich die Standortvorteile in der Weltwirtschaft, und welche anderen Entwicklungstendenzen sind in den letzten 30 bis 40 Jahren zu verzeichnen? Welche Erklärungsansätze bietet die Wirtschaftstheorie für diese Entwicklungstendenzen an?

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  • Siebert, Horst, 1987. "Entwicklungslinien der Weltwirtschaft: Stilisierte Fakten und Ansätze zur Erklärung," Discussion Papers, Series II 14, University of Konstanz, Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 178 "Internationalization of the Economy".
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:kondp2:14
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    1. Siebert, Horst, 1988. "Anpassungsprobleme in einer offenen Volkswirtschaft," Discussion Papers, Series II 50, University of Konstanz, Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 178 "Internationalization of the Economy".

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