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The Part-Time Revolution: Changes in the Parenthood Effect on Women’s Employment in Austria

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  • Caroline Berghammer
  • Bernhard Riederer

Abstract

We compare employment rates of mothers and childless women over the life course across the birth cohorts from 1940 to 1979 in Austria. By following synthetic cohorts of mothers and childless women up to retirement age, we are able to study both short-term and long- term consequences of having a child. We consider employment participation as well as working time and also perform analyses by educational level. Our study is based on the Austrian microcensus (labour force survey), conducted between 1986 and 2016. The results show that although employment rates of mothers have increased across cohorts, the spread of part-time work has led to a declining work volume of mothers with young children. Return to the workplace is increasingly concentrated when the child is 3 to 5 years old. Part- time employment is primarily adopted (at least with younger children) by highly educated mothers and often remains a long-term arrangement.

Suggested Citation

  • Caroline Berghammer & Bernhard Riederer, 2018. "The Part-Time Revolution: Changes in the Parenthood Effect on Women’s Employment in Austria," VID Working Papers 1804, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.
    • Handle: RePEc:vid:wpaper:1804
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jayanta Kumar Bora & Rajesh Raushan & Wolfgang Lutz, 2018. "Contribution of Education to Infant and Under-Five Mortality Disparities among Caste Groups in India," VID Working Papers 1803, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.
    2. Olivier Thévenon, 2013. "Drivers of Female Labour Force Participation in the OECD," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 145, OECD Publishing.
    3. Guy Abel & Valeria Bordone & Raya Muttarak & Emilio Zagheni, 2018. "Bowling Together: Scientific Collaboration Networks of Demographers at European Population Conferences," VID Working Papers 1801, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.
    4. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Thomas Leoni, 2013. "The Economic and Social Situation in Austria," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 56809.
    5. Anna Matysiak & Tomáš Sobotka & Daniele Vignoli, 2021. "The Great Recession and Fertility in Europe: A Sub-national Analysis," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 37(1), pages 29-64, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Erich Striessnig & Jayanta Kumar Bora, 2019. "Under-Five Child Growth and Nutrition Status: Spatial Clustering of Indian Districts," VID Working Papers 1903, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.
    2. Anne Goujon & Claudia Reiter & Michaela Potancokova, 2018. "Religious Affiliations in Austria at the Provincial Level: Estimates for Vorarlberg, 2001-2018," VID Working Papers 1813, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.

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    Keywords

    Austria; education; family policy; female labour force participation; mothers’ employment; part-time; work arrangements; working mothers.;
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