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REDD+ as Performance-Based Aid: General Lessons and Bilateral Agreements of Norway

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  • Arild Angelsen

Abstract

REDD+, when it officially became part of the international climate agenda in 2007, was an idea about payment to countries and projects for reducing emission from forests, with funding primarily from carbon markets. REDD+ has since become multi-objective; the policy focus has changed from payments for environmental services (PES) to broader policies, and international funding is mainly coming from development aid budgets. This 'aidification' of REDD+ has made it similar to previous efforts of conditional, result-based, or performance-based aid (PBA).

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  • Arild Angelsen, 2013. "REDD+ as Performance-Based Aid: General Lessons and Bilateral Agreements of Norway," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2013-135, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    • Handle: RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2013-135
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    File URL: https://www.wider.unu.edu/sites/default/files/WP2013-135.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Dian Ekowati & Carola Hofstee & Andhika Vega Praputra & Douglas Sheil, 2016. "Motivation Matters: Lessons for REDD+ Participatory Measurement, Reporting and Verification from Three Decades of Child Health Participatory Monitoring in Indonesia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Belachew Gizachew & Rasmus Astrup & Pål Vedeld & Eliakimu M. Zahabu & Lalisa A. Duguma, 2017. "REDD+ in Africa: contexts and challenges," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 41(2), pages 92-104, May.
    3. Janus, Heiner & Keijzer, Niels, 2015. "Big results now? Emerging lessons from results-based aid in Tanzania," IDOS Discussion Papers 4/2015, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    4. Schwerhoff, Gregor & Wehkamp, Johanna, 2018. "Export tariffs combined with public investments as a forest conservation policy instrument," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 69-84.
    5. Wehkamp, Johanna & Aquino, André & Fuss, Sabine & Reed, Erik W., 2015. "Analyzing the perception of deforestation drivers by African policy makers in light of possible REDD+ policy responses," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 7-18.
    6. Shah, Shipra & Race, Digby, 2024. "Greening the blue Pacific: Lessons on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+)," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    7. Mareike Well & Astrid Carrapatoso, 2017. "REDD+ finance: policy making in the context of fragmented institutions," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(6), pages 687-707, August.
    8. Cecilia Luttrell & Erin Sills & Riza Aryani & Andini Desita Ekaputri & Maria Febe Evinke, 2018. "Beyond opportunity costs: who bears the implementation costs of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation?," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 291-310, February.
    9. Robin Matthews & Meine Noordwijk & Eric Lambin & Patrick Meyfroidt & Joyeeta Gupta & Louis Verchot & Kristell Hergoualc’h & Edzo Veldkamp, 2014. "Implementing REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation): evidence on governance, evaluation and impacts from the REDD-ALERT project," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 19(6), pages 907-925, August.

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