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Labor-Use Efficiency in Indian Banking: A Branch Level Analysis

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  • Abhiman Das

    (Reserve Bank of India)

  • Subhash C. Ray

    (University of Connecticut)

  • Ashok Nag

    (Reserve Bank of India)

Abstract

This paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis to measure labor use efficiency of individual branches of a large public sector bank with several thousand branches across India. We find considerable variation in the average levels of efficiency across the four metropolitan regions considered in this study. In this context, we introduce the concept of area or spatial efficiency for each region relative to the nation as a whole. Our findings suggest that the policies, procedures, and incentives handed down from the corporate level cannot fully neutralize the influence of the local work culture in the different regions. Most of the potential reduction in labor cost appears to be coming from possible downsizing the clerical and subordinate staff. Our analysis identifies branches that operate at very low levels of efficiency and may be gainfully merged with other branches wherever possible.

Suggested Citation

  • Abhiman Das & Subhash C. Ray & Ashok Nag, 2005. "Labor-Use Efficiency in Indian Banking: A Branch Level Analysis," Working papers 2005-04, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:uct:uconnp:2005-04
    Note: Views expressed in this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the institutions with which they are affiliated.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Subhash C. Ray, 2014. "Branching Efficiency in Indian Banking: An Analysis of a Demand-Constrained Network," Working papers 2014-34, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    3. Fiordelisi, Franco & Molyneux, Phil, 2010. "Total factor productivity and shareholder returns in banking," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 241-253, October.
    4. Liadaki, Aggeliki & Gaganis, Chrysovalantis, 2010. "Efficiency and stock performance of EU banks: Is there a relationship?," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 254-259, October.
    5. Ray, Subhash, 2016. "Cost efficiency in an Indian bank branch network: A centralized resource allocation model," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 69-81.
    6. Subhash C. Ray & Abhiman Das & Kankana Mukherjee, 2018. "Measures of Labor Use Efficiency from a Cost-Based Dual Representation of the Technology: A Study of Indian Bank Branches," Working papers 2018-17, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    7. Christodoulakis, George A. & Olupeka, Taiwo, 2010. "Pricing and momentum of syndicated credit in Europe," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 325-332, October.
    8. Mohuya Deb Purkayastha & Joyeeta Deb & Ram Pratap Sinha, 2023. "Labour-use Efficiency of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank: Branch- and District-level Analysis," Studies in Microeconomics, , vol. 11(1), pages 60-75, April.
    9. Cabello, Julia García, 2019. "A decision model for bank branch site selection: Define branch success and do not deviate," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    10. Jiawei Yang, 2023. "Disentangling the sources of bank inefficiency: a two-stage network multi-directional efficiency analysis approach," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 326(1), pages 369-410, July.
    11. Aggelopoulos, Eleftherios & Georgopoulos, Antonios, 2017. "Bank branch efficiency under environmental change: A bootstrap DEA on monthly profit and loss accounting statements of Greek retail branches," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 261(3), pages 1170-1188.
    12. Subhash C. Ray & Abhiman Das & Kankana Mukherjee, 2017. "Labor-Cost Efficiency with Indivisible Outputs and Inputs: A Study of Indian Bank Branches," Working papers 2017-04, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    13. Paradi, Joseph C. & Rouatt, Stephen & Zhu, Haiyan, 2011. "Two-stage evaluation of bank branch efficiency using data envelopment analysis," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 99-109, January.
    14. Dan Li & Yanfeng Li & Yeming Gong & Jiawei Yang, 2021. "Estimation of bank performance from multiple perspectives: an alternative solution to the deposit dilemma," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 151-170, December.
    15. Anup Kumar Bhandari, 2010. "Total Factor Productivity Growth and Its Decomposition: An Assessment of the Indian Banking Sector in the True Liberalised Era," Working Papers id:3181, eSocialSciences.
    16. Udhayakumar, A. & Charles, V. & Kumar, Mukesh, 2011. "Stochastic simulation based genetic algorithm for chance constrained data envelopment analysis problems," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 387-397, August.
    17. LaPlante, A.E. & Paradi, J.C., 2015. "Evaluation of bank branch growth potential using data envelopment analysis," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 33-41.
    18. Asmild, Mette & Bogetoft, Peter & Leth Hougaard, Jens, 2013. "Rationalising inefficiency: Staff utilisation in branches of a large Canadian bank," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 80-87.
    19. García Cabello, Julia & Lobillo, F.J., 2017. "Sound branch cash management for less: A low-cost forecasting algorithm under uncertain demand," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 118-134.
    20. Shulei Cheng & Wei Fan & Jianlin Wang, 2022. "Investigating the humanitarian labor efficiency of China: a factor-specific model," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 319(1), pages 439-461, December.
    21. Shabbar Jaffry & Yaseen Ghulam & Joe Cox, 2006. "Impact of Regulatory Reforms on Labour Efficiency in the Indian and Pakistani Commercial Banks," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 45(4), pages 1085-1102.
    22. Majid Esmaeilpour & Hadis Azargoon, 2016. "Identify and Ranking the Factors Affecting Recruitment and Retention of Corporate Customers within Banking System," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(6), pages 1-13, June.
    23. Paradi, Joseph C. & Zhu, Haiyan, 2013. "A survey on bank branch efficiency and performance research with data envelopment analysis," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 61-79.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bank; Efficiency; Branch; Cost;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • L89 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Other
    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models

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