IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/107035.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Forward Freight Agreements and Market Transparency in the Capesizs Sector

Author

Listed:
  • Pelagidis, Theodore
  • Panagiotopoulos, George

Abstract

We investigate the connection between the trading of Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs) and its microstructure effects in the volatility of the spot freight market in the Capesize dry-bulk sector of oceangoing vessels. Conditional volatility models are used to capture the volatility effects in the freight market. A connection with the trading of FFAs is established by using dummy variables, while additional factors that affect global economy and consequently the volatility in shipping markets, West Texas Intermediate, Brent oil and S&P500 Commodity Index, are incorporated into the model. The empirical results are divided into two processes. In the first process, we isolate the effect of the FFAs in the volatility of the spot rates in the physical market, indicating that FFAs led to a rise in the volatility in the physical market for the 4 Time Charter Average (4TC) and the routes C3 and C5, increase though limited. In the second process, we identify the effect of FFAs in the asymmetric response of negative shocks or information to the volatility in the physical market. A positive impact of the FFAs was identified in the 4TC, while in the three other voyage routes examined no impact was established. The results provide complementary insights to a specific shipping market segment not examined by current literature, while identifying and enhancin

Suggested Citation

  • Pelagidis, Theodore & Panagiotopoulos, George, 2019. "Forward Freight Agreements and Market Transparency in the Capesizs Sector," MPRA Paper 107035, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:107035
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107035/1/MPRA_paper_107035.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lik Fong & Chulwoo Han, 2015. "Impacts of derivative markets on spot market volatility and their persistence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(22), pages 2250-2258, May.
    2. Evangelia Kasimati & Nikolaos Veraros, 2017. "Is there accuracy of forward freight agreements in forecasting future freight rates? An empirical investigation," Working Papers 230, Bank of Greece.
    3. Paul Dawson & Sotiris K. Staikouras, 2009. "The impact of volatility derivatives on S&P500 volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(12), pages 1190-1213, December.
    4. Glosten, Lawrence R & Jagannathan, Ravi & Runkle, David E, 1993. "On the Relation between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(5), pages 1779-1801, December.
    5. Kavussanos, Manolis G. & Visvikis, Ilias D. & Batchelor, Roy A., 2004. "Over-the-counter forward contracts and spot price volatility in shipping," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 40(4), pages 273-296, July.
    6. Bollerslev, Tim, 1986. "Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 307-327, April.
    7. Manolis Kavussanos, 1997. "The dynamics of time-varying volatilities in different size second-hand ship prices of the dry-cargo sector," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(4), pages 433-443.
    8. Yung-Shun Chen & Shiu-Tung Wang, 2004. "The empirical evidence of the leverage effect on volatility in international bulk shipping market," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 109-124, April.
    9. Jarque, Carlos M. & Bera, Anil K., 1980. "Efficient tests for normality, homoscedasticity and serial independence of regression residuals," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 6(3), pages 255-259.
    10. Engle, Robert F, 1982. "Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 987-1007, July.
    11. Shun Chen & Hilde Meersman & Eddy van de Voorde, 2010. "Dynamic interrelationships in returns and volatilities between Capesize and Panamax markets," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 12(1), pages 65-90, March.
    12. Antonios Antoniou & Phil Holmes & Richard Priestley, 1998. "The effects of stock index futures trading on stock index volatility: An analysis of the asymmetric response of volatility to news," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(2), pages 151-166, April.
    13. Nelson, Daniel B, 1991. "Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(2), pages 347-370, March.
    14. Alexandridis, G. & Sahoo, S. & Visvikis, I., 2017. "Economic information transmissions and liquidity between shipping markets: New evidence from freight derivatives," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 82-104.
    15. Amir H. Alizadeh & Nikos K. Nomikos, 2009. "Shipping Derivatives and Risk Management," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-0-230-23580-9, December.
    16. Eugene J. Moriarty & Paula A. Tosini, 1985. "Futures Trading and the Price Volatility of GNMA Certificates—Further Evidence," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 5(4), pages 633-641, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ioannis Karaoulanis & Theodore Pelagidis, 2021. "Panamax markets behaviour: explaining volatility and expectations," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-24, December.
    2. Pelagidis, Theodore & Karaoulanis, Ioannis, 2021. "Capesize markets behavior: Explaining volatility and expectations," MPRA Paper 107034, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wolfgang Drobetz & Tim Richter & Martin Wambach, 2012. "Dynamics of time-varying volatility in the dry bulk and tanker freight markets," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(16), pages 1367-1384, August.
    2. Gavriilidis, Konstantinos & Kambouroudis, Dimos S. & Tsakou, Katerina & Tsouknidis, Dimitris A., 2018. "Volatility forecasting across tanker freight rates: The role of oil price shocks," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 376-391.
    3. Alizadeh, Amir H., 2013. "Trading volume and volatility in the shipping forward freight market," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 250-265.
    4. Charalampos Basdekis & Apostolos Christopoulos & Alexandros Gkolfinopoulos & Ioannis Katsampoxakis, 2022. "VaR as a risk management framework for the spot and futures tanker markets," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 4287-4352, September.
    5. Li, Gang & Li, Yong, 2015. "Forecasting copper futures volatility under model uncertainty," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(P2), pages 167-176.
    6. Pouliasis, Panos K. & Papapostolou, Nikos C. & Kyriakou, Ioannis & Visvikis, Ilias D., 2018. "Shipping equity risk behavior and portfolio management," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 178-200.
    7. Jara, Alejandro & Piña, Marco, 2023. "Exchange rate volatility and the effectiveness of FX interventions: The case of Chile," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 4(2).
    8. Shiferaw, Y., 2018. "The Bayesian MS-GARCH model and Value-at-Risk in South African agricultural commodity price markets," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 275991, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    9. Bohl, Martin T. & Diesteldorf, Jeanne & Siklos, Pierre L., 2015. "The effect of index futures trading on volatility: Three markets for Chinese stocks," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 207-224.
    10. Rahman, Md Lutfur & Troster, Victor & Uddin, Gazi Salah & Yahya, Muhammad, 2022. "Systemic risk contribution of banks and non-bank financial institutions across frequencies: The Australian experience," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    11. Wang, Yudong & Wu, Chongfeng, 2012. "Forecasting energy market volatility using GARCH models: Can multivariate models beat univariate models?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 2167-2181.
    12. Alexandridis, George & Kavussanos, Manolis G. & Kim, Chi Y. & Tsouknidis, Dimitris A. & Visvikis, Ilias D., 2018. "A survey of shipping finance research: Setting the future research agenda," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 164-212.
    13. David McMillan & Alan Speight, 2003. "Asymmetric volatility dynamics in high frequency FTSE-100 stock index futures," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(8), pages 599-607.
    14. Mauro Bernardi & Leopoldo Catania, 2016. "Comparison of Value-at-Risk models using the MCS approach," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 31(2), pages 579-608, June.
    15. Halkos, George E. & Tsirivis, Apostolos S., 2019. "Effective energy commodity risk management: Econometric modeling of price volatility," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 234-250.
    16. George Filis & Christos Floros & Bruno Eeckels, 2011. "Option listing, returns and volatility: evidence from Greece," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(19), pages 1423-1435.
    17. Yegnanew A. Shiferaw, 2019. "Multivariate Analysis of East African Currency Exchange Rate Dynamics," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 20(2), pages 587-610, November.
    18. Roar Adland & Haakon Ameln & Eirik A. Børnes, 2020. "Hedging ship price risk using freight derivatives in the drybulk market," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 1-18, December.
    19. Wang, Yudong & Wu, Chongfeng & Yang, Li, 2016. "Forecasting crude oil market volatility: A Markov switching multifractal volatility approach," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 1-9.
    20. Stavros Degiannakis & Evdokia Xekalaki, 2005. "Predictability and model selection in the context of ARCH models," Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(1), pages 55-82, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Transportation; Financial Markets; Derivatives Markets; Commodity Markets; Freight Rates;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • G1 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • L91 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Transportation: General
    • Q02 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - General - - - Commodity Market

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:107035. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.