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Концентрация И Конкуренция В Современном Банковском Секторе Сербии: Анализ Индексов Концентрации
[Concentration and Competition in Modern Serbian Banking Sector: Concentration Indices Analysis]

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  • Bukvić, Rajko

Abstract

Введение: в статье анализируются степень концентрации и конкуренция в современном банковском секторе в Сербии, который в период трансформации находится в процессе приспособления к рыночным условиям ведения дел. Внимание обращается на ситуацию в текущем десятилетии, в частности на период 2016–2019, для которого вычислены соответственные показатели концентрации. Материалы и методы: анализ обоснован в первой очереди на финансовых отчётах банков, также на квартальных отчётах Народного банка Сербии. Для оценки концентрации рынка использованы как традиционные показатели концентрации (CRn и HH индексы) и индексы Джини и Тайдмана-Холла, так и сравнительно редко использованные индексы Линда. Степень концентрации вычислялся на основе пяти балансовых величин: совокупные активы, депозиты, капитал, операционные доходы банков, и кредиты. Результаты: в статье показано, что среди сравнительно большого числа банков в Сербии существующий степень концентрации является низким. Всё-таки, показатели концентрации оказываются достаточно близкими к умеренной степени концентрации, что предупреждает о возможности появления олигополистической структуры, особенно имея в виду уже долго длящийся процесс интеграций и укрупнений в банковском секторе. Обсуждение: в общем-то результаты показывают низкую степень концентрации. Но, уже между самыми простыми показателями CR3 и CR4 выявляется различие: согласно коэффициенту CR4 концентрация является умеренной, почти для всех переменных. Близкими к умеренной степени концентрации оказались и коэффициенты HH, при этом не в равной степени во всех случаях. Наконец, индексы Линда подтверждают, что существующий степень концентрации отвечает полной конкуренции, с исключением переменной «Капитал», где подозревается олигополистическая структура. Заключение: степень концентрации в банковском секторе Сербии низок, хотя и достаточно близкий умеренной, и несмотря на многолетние процессы укрупнения банков, преимущественно через поглощения. Существующее число банков и соответствующая степень концентрации создают хорошие условия для развития здоровой конкуренции между ними. С другой стороны, полученные результаты не отличаются однозначностью, что особенно оказывается в динамическом плане. Этот момент подчёркивает не только необходимость использования большего числа показателей, но и особую чувствительность в толковании их результатов. Всё это надо учитывать в последующих анализах. Introduction: the paper analyzes the degree of concentration and competition in modern Serbian banking sector in the recent decade, particularly in the years 2016-2019. In the transition period the Serbian banking sector adapt to the market business circumstances. Materials and Methods: the analysis is based on bank financial statements and Quarterly Reviews of National Bank of Serbia. For the estimation of the market concentration, it were used the traditional concentration indicators (CRn and HH indices) and Gini and Tideman-Hall indexes, as well as the relatively rarely used Linda indices. The concentration degree is calculated based on five balance variables: total assets, deposits, capital, operating income of banks, and loans. Results: it has been demonstrated that in the case of the relatively large number of banks in Serbia, the existing concentration degree is relatively low. However, the approximation of the indices to moderate concentration within the period analyzed warns of the appearance of oligopoly, especially in regards to many years continued process of integration and enlargement in banking sector. Discussion: in general the results show the low degree of concentration. But, just between simplest indexes CR3 and CR4 it can be seen the difference: according to coefficient CR4 concentration is moderate, for almost all observes variables. Close to moderate degree of concentration are the indices HH, but not in all cases. Finally, the Linda indices accept, that existing concentration degree comply with perfect competition, but with the exception of the variable “Capital”, where the suspicion to oligopolistic structure was demonstrated. Conclusion: the degree of concentration in Serbian banking sector is low, but close to moderate, despite to many years continued processes of enlargement of banks, principally through the acquisitions. The actual number of banks and adequate market concentration degree provides suitable conditions for the development of healthy competition among banks. On the other side, the results of analysis are not equivocal, and this manifests firstly in dynamic consideration. This emphasizes not only the need for the use of many indicators, but also the sensitivity in interpretation its results. All that must be taken into account in the next analyses.

Suggested Citation

  • Bukvić, Rajko, 2020. "Концентрация И Конкуренция В Современном Банковском Секторе Сербии: Анализ Индексов Концентрации [Concentration and Competition in Modern Serbian Banking Sector: Concentration Indices Analysis]," MPRA Paper 100581, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2020.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:100581
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bukvić, Rajko, 2017. "Concentration and Competition in Serbian Banking Sector," MPRA Paper 85161, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
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    6. Bikker, Jacob A. & Haaf, Katharina, 2002. "Competition, concentration and their relationship: An empirical analysis of the banking industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(11), pages 2191-2214, November.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    концентрация; конкуренция; банковский сектор; Сербия; индекс концентрации; индекс Хиршман-Херфиндаль; Джини коэффициент; коэффициент Тайдмана-Холла; индексы Линда; неоднозначность результатов; concentration; competition; banking sector; Serbia; concentration index; Herfindahl-Hirschman index; Gini coefficient; Tideman-Hall coefficient; Linda indices; unequivocal results;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C38 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Classification Methdos; Cluster Analysis; Principal Components; Factor Analysis
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General

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