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Producción de atributos de calidad: efectos sobre la estructura de oferta y del mercado. Un análisis aplicado al mercado argentino de leche fluida

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  • Pace Guerrero, Ignacio

Abstract

En los últimos años se ha presenciado el desarrollo de nuevos alimentos, especialmente aquellos que incorporan atributos de calidad (del tipo credence). En estos mercados, la incertidumbre acerca de la "verdadera" calidad de los productos y la asimetría de información entre los agentes económicos son elementos claves que afectan las percepciones de los consumidores, las estrategias comerciales y las políticas públicas que regulan la seguridad y calidad alimentaria. Particularmente, se han generado nuevas formas de organización de la producción de estos atributos y, asociadas a ellas, estrategias de diferenciación de los mismos. En esta tesis, se presenta un análisis de la producción de atributos de calidad del tipo credence en el mercado argentino de leche fluida, para ello se consideran dos atributos: fortificación con minerales y la mejora de procesos de producción que implican un aumento en la inocuidad del alimento. El objetivo es analizar el impacto de la producción de estos atributos de calidad adicional sobre las funciones de costos de las empresas, las condiciones de demanda de materia prima y la estructura de mercado del insumo. En la investigación se aplica la teoría de la "Nueva Organización Industrial", con énfasis en las relaciones verticales de producción y costos de transacción. Aunque el sector lácteo parece ser competitivo, esta característica no se sostiene al segmentar el mercado por atributos de calidad. La producción de leche fluida de alta calidad está concentrada en pocas empresas, con capacidad de fijar ciertas condiciones de producción sobre el sector primario, tales como estándares de calidad, uso de nuevas tecnologías, incorporaciones genéticas, etc., y transferir parte de los costos de producción de calidad hacia atrás.

Suggested Citation

  • Pace Guerrero, Ignacio, 2010. "Producción de atributos de calidad: efectos sobre la estructura de oferta y del mercado. Un análisis aplicado al mercado argentino de leche fluida," Nülan. Deposited Documents 1334, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, Centro de Documentación.
    • Handle: RePEc:nmp:nuland:1334
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