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Minimum wage, fringe benefits, overtime payments and the gender wage gap

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Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of an increase in the minimum wage on the gender gap at various levels of employee compansation, namely, base wage, fringe benefits, overtime payments and probability of getting these extra income components. Using the matched employer-employee database for the Portuguese labor market, we explore the 1998 amendment to the MW law that increased the minimum wage applied to employees younger than 18 years of age from 75% to 100% of the full minimum. Estimation results based on a difference-in-difference-differences strategy indicate a widening of the gender gap, caused by redistribution of fringe benefits and overtime payments following the amendment. We discuss three possible sources of redistribution: (i) discrimination, (ii) a change in the skill composition of the working males and females after the increase, and (iii) industrial differences in response to the changes in the wage floor. Estimations support the third channel as the main contributing factor while we cannot eliminate the possibility of the effect of discrimination.

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  • Kemal Kizilca & João Cerejeira & Miguel Portela & Carla Sá, 2010. "Minimum wage, fringe benefits, overtime payments and the gender wage gap," NIPE Working Papers 34/2010, NIPE - Universidade do Minho.
    • Handle: RePEc:nip:nipewp:34/2010
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    1. Kosali Ilayperuma Simon & Robert Kaestner, 2004. "Do Minimum Wages Affect Non-Wage Job Attributes? Evidence on Fringe Benefits," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 58(1), pages 52-70, October.
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    9. Adam J. Grossberg & Paul Sicilian, 2004. "Legal Minimum Wages and Employment Duration," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 70(3), pages 631-645, January.
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    1. Majchrowska, Aleksandra & Strawiński, Paweł, 2018. "Impact of minimum wage increase on gender wage gap: Case of Poland," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 174-185.
    2. Carlos Oliveira, 2022. "How is the Minimum Wage Shaping the Wage Disitribution: Bite, Spillovers, and Wage Inequality," GEE Papers 0160, Gabinete de Estratégia e Estudos, Ministério da Economia, revised May 2022.
    3. Oliveira, Carlos, 2023. "The minimum wage and the wage distribution in Portugal," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    4. Boll, Christina & Hüning, Hendrik & Leppin, Julian & Puckelwald, Johannes, 2015. "Potenzielle Auswirkungen des Mindestlohnes auf den Gender Pay Gap in Deutschland: Eine Simulationsstudie," HWWI Policy Papers 89, Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI).
    5. Boll, Christina & Hüning, Hendrik & Leppin, Julian & Puckelwald, Johannes, 2015. "Potential effects of a statutory minimum wage on the gender pay gap: A simulation-based study for Germany," HWWI Research Papers 163, Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    minimum wage; overtime payments; fringe benefits; gender gap;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J32 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Retirement Plans; Private Pensions
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing

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