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Data-driven particle Filters for particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo

Author

Listed:
  • Patrick Leung
  • Catherine S. Forbes
  • Gael M. Martin
  • Brendan McCabe

Abstract

This paper proposes new automated proposal distributions for sequential Monte Carlo algorithms, including particle filtering and related sequential importance sampling methods. The wrights for these proposal distributions are easily established, as is the unbiasedness property of the resultant likelihood estimators, so that the methods may be used within a particle Markov chain Monte Carlo (PMCMC) inferential setting. Simulation exercises, based on a range of state space models, are used to demonstrate the linkage between the signal-to-noise ratio of the system and the performance of the new particle filters, in comparison with existing filters. In particular, we demonstrate that one of our proposed filters performs well in a high signal-to-noise ratio setting, that is, when the observation is informative in identifying the location of the unobserved state. A second filter, deliberately designed to draw proposals that are informed by both the current observation and past states, is shown to work well across a range of signal-to noise ratios and to be much more robust than the auxiliary particle filter, which is often used as the default choice. We then extend the study to explore the performance of the PMCMC algorithm using the new filters to estimate the likelihood function, once again in comparison with existing alternatives. Taking into consideration robustness to the signal-to-noise ratio, computation time and the efficiency of the chain, the second of the new filters is again found to be the best-performing method. Application of the preferred filter to a stochastic volatility model for weekly Australian/US exchange rate returns completes the paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Leung & Catherine S. Forbes & Gael M. Martin & Brendan McCabe, 2016. "Data-driven particle Filters for particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo," Monash Econometrics and Business Statistics Working Papers 17/16, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics.
    • Handle: RePEc:msh:ebswps:2016-17
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    File URL: http://business.monash.edu/econometrics-and-business-statistics/research/publications/ebs/wp17-16.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ng, Jason & Forbes, Catherine S. & Martin, Gael M. & McCabe, Brendan P.M., 2013. "Non-parametric estimation of forecast distributions in non-Gaussian, non-linear state space models," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 411-430.
    2. Strickland, Chris M. & Forbes, Catherine S. & Martin, Gael M., 2006. "Bayesian analysis of the stochastic conditional duration model," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 50(9), pages 2247-2267, May.
    3. Nicolas Chopin & Sumeetpal S. Singh, 2013. "On the Particle Gibbs Sampler," Working Papers 2013-41, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    4. Pieralberto Guarniero & Adam M. Johansen & Anthony Lee, 2017. "The Iterated Auxiliary Particle Filter," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 112(520), pages 1636-1647, October.
    5. Smith, J.Q. & Santos, Antonio A.F., 2006. "Second-Order Filter Distribution Approximations for Financial Time Series With Extreme Outliers," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 24, pages 329-337, July.
    6. BAUWENS, Luc & VEREDAS, David, 1999. "The stochastic conditional duration model: a latent factor model for the analysis of financial durations," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 1999058, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    7. Pitt, Michael K. & Silva, Ralph dos Santos & Giordani, Paolo & Kohn, Robert, 2012. "On some properties of Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods based on the particle filter," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 171(2), pages 134-151.
    8. Flury, Thomas & Shephard, Neil, 2011. "Bayesian Inference Based Only On Simulated Likelihood: Particle Filter Analysis Of Dynamic Economic Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 27(5), pages 933-956, October.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bayesian inference; non-Gaussian time series; state space models; unbiased likelihood estimation; sequential Monte Carlo;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C11 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Bayesian Analysis: General
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods

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