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Bestimmungsgründe von Fehlzeiten: Welche Rolle spielt die Arbeitslosigkeit?

Author

Listed:
  • Thalmaier, Anja

    (Bavarian Ministry of Labor)

Abstract

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung besteht darin, die wesentlichen Determinanten für das Auftreten von Fehlzeiten zu analysieren. In einem ersten Schritt werden die institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen der Entgeltfortzahlung und ihre historische Entwicklung aufgezeigt. Die Analyse insbesondere der tarifvertraglichen Regelungen ergibt, daß nur relativ wenige Arbeitnehmer direkt von den Auswirkungen der Entgeltfortzahlung betroffen sind. Dementsprechend gering werden die Auswirkungen der gesetzlichen Neuregelungen zur Entgeltfortzahlung in den Jahren 1996 und 1999 veranschlagt. Daran anschließend werden die Ausgaben der Arbeitgeber für die Einkommenssicherung der Arbeitnehmer im Krankheitsfalle untersucht. Diese Analyse ergibt, daß eine Absenkung der Entgeltfortzahlung von 100 auf 80 Prozent selbst bei Annahme einer vollständigen Übernahme der eingeschränkten Entgeltfortzahlung in die Tarifverträge die direkten effektiven Arbeitskosten um lediglich 0,45 Prozent reduzieren würde. Der letzte Schritt dieser Untersuchung zieht das Deutsche Sozio-ökonomische Panel zur empirischen Analyse heran. Dabei deutet bereits die deskriptive Analyse dieser Daten auf eine Fortsetzung des fallenden Trends bei der Entwicklung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Fehlzeiten hin. So werden im Vergleich zum Verarbeitenden Gewerbe für den Dienstleistungssektor wesentlich niedrigere Fehlzeiten beobachtet, wobei davon ausgegangen wird, daß die Bedeutung des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes aufgrund des Strukturwandels auch weiterhin zurückgeht. Die Ergebnisse für die Random-Effects-Modelle, die mit den Daten des Deutschen Sozio-ökonomischen Panels geschätzt werden, bestätigen insbesondere die zentrale Bedeutung der Arbeitslosigkeit für die Höhe der Fehlzeiten. Weiterhin bestätigt die empirische Analyse, daß sowohl eine Beschäftigung im öffentlichen Dienst als auch eine Beschäftigung in einem großen Unternehmen die Fehlzeiten signifikant erhöht. Für die weiblichen Arbeitnehmer wird zudem ein signifikant positiver Einfluß der Arbeitszeit auf das Auftreten von Fehlzeiten festgestellt.

Suggested Citation

  • Thalmaier, Anja, 1999. "Bestimmungsgründe von Fehlzeiten: Welche Rolle spielt die Arbeitslosigkeit?," IZA Discussion Papers 62, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp62
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Arbeitslosigkeit; Arbeitsrecht; Effizienzlöhne; Fehlzeiten; Lohnnebenkosten;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
    • J41 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Labor Contracts
    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
    • K31 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Labor Law

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