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Unlocking Potential: Childcare Services and Refugees' Integration, Employment and Well-Being

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  • Gambaro, Ludovica

    (London School of Economics)

  • Huebener, Mathias

    (Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung (BiB))

  • Schmitz, Sophia

    (Federal Institute for Population Research)

  • Spieß, C. Katharina

    (Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung (BiB))

Abstract

In armed conflicts, it is common for women, children, and the elderly to flee, leaving the men behind. While refugee women face particular challenges in caring for children in host countries, there is only limited evidence on the impact of childcare services on their integration. This paper examines the role of childcare services in the integration, employment, and well-being of refugee mothers. We focus on the displacement caused by the Russian invasion in Ukraine. Our analysis is based on a unique, large, and representative panel data set of Ukrainian refugees in Germany. We find a strong correlation between childcare attendance and the participation of refugee mothers in language courses, labour market activity, and social interaction. To establish causality, we leverage exogenous regional differences in childcare availability and excess demand. Our results reveal significant positive effects of childcare services on the participation of refugee mothers in language and integration programs, as well as employment and their interactions with Germans. However, we find no effects on maternal well-being. Our findings emphasize the importance of providing childcare services to refugee mothers to facilitate their integration.

Suggested Citation

  • Gambaro, Ludovica & Huebener, Mathias & Schmitz, Sophia & Spieß, C. Katharina, 2024. "Unlocking Potential: Childcare Services and Refugees' Integration, Employment and Well-Being," IZA Discussion Papers 17181, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17181
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    childcare services; refugees; forced migration; integration; employment; Ukraine;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I26 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Returns to Education
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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