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Using the Gravity Equation to Explain the Portuguese Immigration-trade Link

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  • Horácio Faustino
  • Nuno Leitão

Abstract

This paper tests the relation between immigration and Portuguese bilateral trade. Using a panel data analysis, the results show that the stock of immigrants has a positive effect on Portuguese exports, imports and bilateral intraindustry trade. The underlying assumption is that immigration contributes to decrease the costs of transactions, which in turn promotes trade flows. The results do not confirm the hypothesis of a negative effect of immigration on Portuguese exports. Our findings suggest that when immigrants to Portugal come from a Latin partner-country, the effects on trade are stronger than in the case of immigrants from non-Latin countries. The study is based on an extended gravitational model, in order to incorporate the qualitative factors as control variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Horácio Faustino & Nuno Leitão, 2008. "Using the Gravity Equation to Explain the Portuguese Immigration-trade Link," Working Papers Department of Economics 2008/12, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    • Handle: RePEc:ise:isegwp:wp122008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Sourafel Girma & Zhihao Yu, 2002. "The link between immigration and trade: Evidence from the United Kingdom," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 138(1), pages 115-130, March.
    3. Roger White, 2007. "Immigrant-trade links, transplanted home bias and network effects," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(7), pages 839-852.
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    6. Rauch, James E., 1999. "Networks versus markets in international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 7-35, June.
    7. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
    8. Anderson, James E, 1979. "A Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 69(1), pages 106-116, March.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Murat Genc & Masood Gheasi & Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2012. "The impact of immigration on international trade: a meta-analysis," Chapters, in: Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot & Mediha Sahin (ed.), Migration Impact Assessment, chapter 9, pages 301-337, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Deluna, Roperto Jr & Darius, Artigo, 2014. "Analysis of Pull-Factor Determinants of Filipino International Migration," MPRA Paper 60156, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. BELLINO, Antonella & CELI, Giuseppe, 2016. "The Migration-Trade Nexus in the Presence of Vertical and Horizontal Product Differentiation," CELPE Discussion Papers 137, CELPE - CEnter for Labor and Political Economics, University of Salerno, Italy.
    4. Klaus Prettner & Robert Kunst, 2012. "The dynamic interrelations between unequal neighbors: an Austro-German case study," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 43(2), pages 741-761, October.
    5. Bulawayo, Maio & Mudenda, Dale & Ndulo, Manenga & Simwanza, Charles, 2020. "Does Immigration Stimulate Non-Traditional Exports? Evidence from Zambia," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 8(3), November.
    6. Antonella Bellino & Giuseppe Celi, 2016. "The Role of Migration in the Variety and Quality of Trade: Evidence from Germany," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 17(1), pages 1-25, February.
    7. Kadir KARAGÖZ, 2016. "Migration – trade nexus revisited: Empirical evidence from Turkish emigrants in OECD countries," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(4(609), W), pages 127-142, Winter.
    8. Semanur SOYYİĞİT & Halil ÖZEKİCİOĞLU, 2019. "Analysis of Gravity Model on the Relationship Between Foreign Trade and Immigration: The Case of Germany," Journal of Economy Culture and Society, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 60(1), pages 125-143, December.
    9. Horácio Faustino & Isabel Proença, 2011. "Effects of Immigration on Intra-Industry Trade: A logit analysis," Working Papers Department of Economics 2011/19, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    10. Kadir KARAGÖZ, 2016. "Migration – trade nexus revisited: Empirical evidence from Turkish emigrants in OECD countries," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(4(609), W), pages 127-142, Winter.
    11. Klaus Prettner & Robert Kunst, 2012. "The dynamic interrelations between unequal neighbors: an Austro-German case study," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 43(2), pages 741-761, October.
    12. Roger White, 2010. "Migration and International Trade," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 13670.
    13. Amir Reza Soori & Ahmad Tashkini, 2012. "Gravity Model: An Application to Trade between Iran and Regional Blocs," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 17(1), pages 1-12, winter.
    14. Hazera-Tun Nessa & Md. Moniruzzam & Md. Sazzad Hossain & Sayed Naimul Wadood, 2021. "Factors Affecting Overseas Employment of Female Workers from Bangladesh," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 11(6), pages 66-74.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    intra-industry trade; immigration; gravity model; panel data.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration

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