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Time-Varying Thresholds: An Application to Purchasing Power Parity

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  • Mr. Gene L. Leon
  • Serineh Najarian

Abstract

This paper introduces a time-varying threshold autoregressive model (TVTAR), which is used to examine the persistence of deviations from PPP. We find support for the stationary TVTAR against the unit root hypothesis; however, for some developing countries, we do not reject the TVTAR with a unit root in the corridor regime. We calculate magnitudes, frequencies, and durations of the deviations of exchange rates from forecasted changes in exchange rates. A key result is asymmetric adjustment. In developing countries, the average cumulative deviation from forecasts during periods when exchange rates are below forecasts is twice the corresponding measure during periods when exchange rates are above forecasts.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. Gene L. Leon & Serineh Najarian, 2003. "Time-Varying Thresholds: An Application to Purchasing Power Parity," IMF Working Papers 2003/181, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2003/181
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    Cited by:

    1. McMillan, David G., 2009. "The confusing time-series behaviour of real exchange rates: Are asymmetries important?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 692-711, October.
    2. Hyginus Leon & Serineh Najarian, 2005. "Asymmetric adjustment and nonlinear dynamics in real exchange rates," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(1), pages 15-39.
    3. Saint Kuttu, 2018. "Asymmetric mean reversion and volatility in African real exchange rates," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 42(3), pages 575-590, July.
    4. Lucio Sarno, 2003. "Nonlinear Exchange Rate Models: A Selective Overview," Rivista di Politica Economica, SIPI Spa, vol. 93(4), pages 3-46, July-Augu.
    5. Nicolau João, 2011. "Purchasing Power Parity Analyzed from a Continuous-Time Model," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 15(3), pages 1-26, May.
    6. Mr. Gene L. Leon & Serineh Najarian, 2003. "Asymmetric Adjustment and Nonlinear Dynamics in Real Exchange Rates," IMF Working Papers 2003/159, International Monetary Fund.

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