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Un nuevo vistazo a los efectos en la capacidad de empleo de los programas de capacitación para desempleados en países en desarrollo

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  • Angel Calderon Madrid

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) Los conjuntos de datos que se emplean para las evaluaciones en países en desarrollo no se prestan para cuantificar los efectos de los programas de capacitación sobre la dinámica de nuevo empleo de quienes reciben la capacitación. Una excepción es el conjunto de datos recopilados para una evaluación realizada en 1994 de participantes en un programa de capacitación dirigido a desempleados en México. Además de contar con un grupo de control de individuos que cumplen con los requisitos y que no participaron en el programa, este conjunto de datos es el único con datos longitudinales que cubren no sólo la duración de los episodios de desempleo después de que el individuo encuestado recibió la capacitación, sino además la duración de sus lapsos de empleo. Se emplean estos datos para estimar las semanas adicionales que trabajan los individuos gracias a la capacitación, en comparación con el caso en que no hay capacitación. Basándonos en funciones de riesgo, calculamos los efectos de un programa tanto sobre el tiempo que se pasa buscando empleo como sobre la duración del empleo. Demostramos que no poder distinguir entre hallar un empleo sostenido y hallar un empleo puede llevar a conclusiones engañosas sobre la eficacia de los programas. También ilustramos la necesidad de corregir la heterogeneidad no observada entre individuos en funciones de riesgo, para evitar implicaciones engañosas en una evaluación.

Suggested Citation

  • Angel Calderon Madrid, 2006. "Un nuevo vistazo a los efectos en la capacidad de empleo de los programas de capacitación para desempleados en países en desarrollo," Research Department Publications 3225, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:3225
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