IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/wpaper/halshs-00005807.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Les transformations de l'espace qualification des chercheurs des entreprises

Author

Listed:
  • Pierre Béret

    (LEST - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

If it is commonly accepted that the innovation is a central dimension of the comparative advantage of the firms, the construction of productive skills forms the other discriminating axis of their efficiency. Accordong to this double point of view, the employees having an activity of R&D in the companies constitute one of the principal factors of their competitiveness. Thus, one understands that a better assesment of the way in which skills of the researchers are built arises as a major stake. It is accordingly that we answered the invitation to tender of « Commissariat Général du Plan » on "the Innovation and the Employment of the researchers" which relates to the processing of the two surveys carried out annually by the MENRT since 1984. First relates to the means devoted to search while the second is concerned with the diplomas and mobilities of the researchers themselves The expectations of the request are altogether informative and analytical. The assumptions carry on two articulated major transformations one to the other : the school explosion in France since 30 years and its involvement on the competition from the point of view of the diplomas ; evolutions of the productive organizations and the emergence of new models of companies which imply a transformation of the relationship between the place of R&D, « industrial space » and « the space of qualification » in the direction of a stronger integration of the activity of search to the other functions of the firm. In addition to the diplomas, the results take into account the size and the sector of the company. They show that between 1984 and 1997, the structures (stocks) of employment of the researchers changed in the direction of an increase in the holders of a doctorate and diplomas Bac+3to5, and of a reduction on behalf of the engineers and the lower titles (£ Bac+2). These evolutions, coupled to a significant rise of manpower, were especially carried out in the Eighties. Moreover, the structures of employment are very dependent on the size of the company, SMF (Small and Medium size Firms : 5000). The evolution of mobilities during the Nineties confirms the increased integration of the space of R&D to industrial space. Thus, the share of the internal market in the manpower mobility outside the R&D function passes from 20% in 1984 to 30% in 1991 and to 51% in 1997 (for the entering, we have respectively 19%, 21% and 26%). These evolutions are very related to the size of the firm : whereas there were few differences in 1984, the internal market in 1997 accounts for 40% of the access and 68% of the departures from R&D in the largest firms (against 16% and 34% for SMF). The positive link between size of the firm, diplomas and careers'opportunities has of course effects on mobilities of the researchers. External mobilities are less and less supplied by the outgoing young people of the education system whereas dismissals for retirement are rather scarce. Mobilities between firms are before all the fact of SMF. These evolutions draw the emergence of various models of innovation partly founded on the importance of the internal labor market of the firm.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Béret, 2000. "Les transformations de l'espace qualification des chercheurs des entreprises," Working Papers halshs-00005807, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00005807
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00005807
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00005807/document
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pierre Boisard & Jean-David Fermanian, 1999. "Les rythmes de travail hors norme," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 321(1), pages 111-131.
    2. Anne Branciard & Caroline Lanciano-Morandat & Claude Paraponaris, 1996. "Changements organisationnels en recherche : les cas de la physique nucléaire et de la physique des particules," Working Papers hal-02549282, HAL.
    3. Claude Paraponaris, 1998. "Management par projets : le rôle des interactions professionnelles dans la constitution du savoir organisationnel," Post-Print hal-02550197, HAL.
    4. Claude Paraponaris & Alain d'Iribarne & François Lacroux & Caroline Lanciano, 1997. "Le management des connaissances," Post-Print halshs-02548895, HAL.
    5. Pierre Béret & Arnaud Dupray, 1998. "Valorisation salariale de la formation professionnelle continue et production de compétences dans le système éducatif : le cas de la France et de l'Allemagne," Post-Print halshs-00009057, HAL.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Geoff Mason & Hiroatsu Nohara, 2010. "How well-rewarded is inter-firm mobility in the labour market for scientists and engineers? New evidence from the UK and France," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(5), pages 459-480.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jeanne Fagnani & Marie-Thérèse Letablier, 2004. "Work and Family Life Balance," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 18(3), pages 551-572, September.
    2. Olivia Sautory & Sandra Zilloniz, 2015. "De l'organisation des journées à l'organisation de la semaine : des rythmes de travail socialement différenciés," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 478(1), pages 155-188.
    3. repec:dau:papers:123456789/2421 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Marie Cottrell & Patrick Letremy & Simon Macaire & Christèle Meilland & François Michon, 2002. "Le temps de travail des formes particulières d'emploi," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 352(1), pages 169-189.
    5. Lionel Prouteau & François-Charles Wolff, 2002. "La participation associative au regard des temps sociaux," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 352(1), pages 57-80.
    6. Jacques Bouteiller, 2001. "Durée du travail et déclin. De la norme du temps de travail : le sens de la mesure," Working Papers halshs-03732517, HAL.
    7. Cédric Afsa & Pierre Biscourp, 2004. "L'évolution des rythmes de travail entre 1995 et 2001 : quel impact des 35 heures ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 376(1), pages 173-198.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00005807. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: CCSD (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.