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Travaillez ou mariez-vous ! : La régulation sexuée de la pauvreté en France et aux États-Unis

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  • Hélène Périvier

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

L'article présente une analyse sexuée de l'évolution des droits et devoirs qui lient les personnes percevant l'aide sociale et l'Etat en France et aux Etats-Unis. Dans les deux pays, la contrepartie exigée en retour de la solidarité nationale a longtemps reposé pour les femmes sur leur rôle de « mère », pour les hommes sur celui de « pourvoyeur de ressources de la famille ». Les réformes successives des programmes de lutte contre la pauvreté aux Etats-Unis et en France ont modifié la nature de ces obligations, renforçant dans les deux cas la logique du mérite via une exigence d'insertion dans l'emploi, ceci de façon plus marquée aux Etats-Unis qu'en France. L'injonction à l'autonomie concerne désormais femmes et hommes, mais épargne les femmes mariées, dont l'inactivité est acceptée voire encouragée dans les dispositifs sociaux ou fiscaux.

Suggested Citation

  • Hélène Périvier, 2012. "Travaillez ou mariez-vous ! : La régulation sexuée de la pauvreté en France et aux États-Unis," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03418028, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-03418028
    DOI: 10.3917/tgs.028.0045
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-03418028
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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