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L'économie de la transition à l'Est (1989-2009) : transformer le politique en technique ?

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  • Julien Vercueil

    (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales)

Abstract

Cette communication vise à montrer en quoi le politique s'est, sous l'influence de ce que l'on peut qualifier de "Paradigme Standard de la Transition", progressivement dessaisi de ses attributs fondamentaux -la discussion, le jugement, l'adaptation aux circonstances, la prise de risque et la responsabilité – sous l'influence d'une « technicisation » du discours dont l'un des effets a été de limiter les possibilités de débat contradictoire. Cette entreprise de normalisation du politique a été rendue possible par une stratégie qu'il convient ici d'analyser. Mais le politique, initialement évacué du discours économique, s'est progressivement réinvité dans la conduite des réformes de la « transition ». Le cas de la Russie sera pris comme exemple, mais on tentera quelques comparaisons avec des pays ayant plus longtemps subi l'influence des préconisations standardisées des organisations internationales : la République tchèque, la Slovénie et la Hongrie par exemple. En définitive, la tentative de transformer la politique de transition en une simple technique, au sens de mode opératoire systématique obtenu par optimisation, illustre les efforts que les économistes de la théorie standard déploient pour faire reconnaître à leur discipline un statut aussi proche que possible de celui des sciences de la nature : si l'économie est une science dure, les économistes en sont les savants et la politique économique est assimilable à une technique dont les responsables politiques sont les ingénieurs (Mankiw (2006)), et la société, une simple exécutante.

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  • Julien Vercueil, 2009. "L'économie de la transition à l'Est (1989-2009) : transformer le politique en technique ?," Post-Print halshs-01419877, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01419877
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01419877
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. S. Fisher & R. Sahay & C. A. Vegh, 1997. "Stabilization and Growth in Transition Economies: The Early Experience," Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP Voprosy Ekonomiki, vol. 5.
    2. Mr. Stanley Fischer & Mr. Carlos A. Végh Gramont & Ms. Ratna Sahay, 1996. "Stabilization and Growth in Transition Economies: The Early Experience," IMF Working Papers 1996/031, International Monetary Fund.
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