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Le tournant gestionnaire d'un grand système technique : le contrôle de la navigation aérienne fait ses adieux à l'Etat

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  • Denis Bayart

    (CRG - Centre de recherche en gestion - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Ce papier analyse certains changements importants dans le système mondial du contrôle de la navigation aérienne (ATC = Air Traffic Control) qui visent, dans de nombreux pays, à rendre plus efficaces les organisations fournissant le service ATC. Deux méthodes complémentaires sont utilisées pour apprécier la signification de ces changements. La première s'appuie sur les débats soulevés par l'évolution en cours ; elle montre la complexité du problème, sa nature multi-disciplinaire, et la "path-dependancy" du résultat final, comme conséquence de processus de négociation. La seconde méthode considère l'ATC comme un "grand système technique" et recadre le débat actuel en prenant en compte l'histoire du système et ses relations avec le système plus large du transport aérien commercial. Les changements en cours apparaissent alors comme un moyen détourné de mettre en place, à travers des méthodes normatives d'organisation et de gestion, une forme de contrôle des compagnies aériennes commerciales sur les organisations ATC, que j'appelle alignement. Mon but est ici d'illustrer sur un exemple la fécondité du croisement de plusieurs approches : d'un côté, l'analyse en situation et la vision historique, de l'autre l'analyse organisationnelle et la théorie des grands systèmes techniques.

Suggested Citation

  • Denis Bayart, 2001. "Le tournant gestionnaire d'un grand système technique : le contrôle de la navigation aérienne fait ses adieux à l'Etat," Post-Print hal-00262584, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00262584
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-00262584
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alfred D. Chandler, 1992. "Organizational Capabilities and the Economic History of the Industrial Enterprise," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 6(3), pages 79-100, Summer.
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