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External referencing and pharmaceutical price negotiation

Author

Listed:
  • Begoña Garcia Mariñoso

    (Comisión del Mercado de las Telecomunicaciones)

  • Izabela Jelovac

    (GATE, University of Lyon, CNRS, ENS-LSH, Centre Léon Bérard, France)

  • Pau Olivella

    (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Department of Economics and CODE)

Abstract

External referencing (ER) imposes a price cap for pharmaceuticals based on prices of identical products in foreign countries. Suppose a foreign country (F) negotiates prices with a pharmaceutical firm while a home country (H) can either negotiate independently or implement ER based on the foreign price. We show that country H always prefers ER if (i) it can condition ER on the drug being subsidized in the foreign country and (ii) copayments are higher in H than in F. H’s preference is reinforced when the difference between country copayments is large and/or H’s population is small. External referencing by H always harms F if (ii) holds, but less so if (i) holds.

Suggested Citation

  • Begoña Garcia Mariñoso & Izabela Jelovac & Pau Olivella, 2008. "External referencing and pharmaceutical price negotiation," Working Papers 0815, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
    • Handle: RePEc:gat:wpaper:0815
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    Cited by:

    1. Ahmet Ozkardas & Agnieszka Rusinowska, 2013. "An application of wage bargaining to price negotiation with discount factors varying in time," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00881151, HAL.
    2. Puig-Junoy, Jaume & López-Valcárcel, Beatriz González, 2014. "Launch prices for new pharmaceuticals in the heavily regulated and subsidized Spanish market, 1995–2007," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 116(2), pages 170-181.
    3. Javad Moradpour & Aidan Hollis, 2021. "The economic theory of cost‐effectiveness thresholds in health: Domestic and international implications," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(5), pages 1139-1151, May.
    4. Agnieszka Rusinowska & Ahmet Ozkardas, 2015. "On equilibrium payoffs in wage bargaining with discount rates varying in time," Economic Theory Bulletin, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 3(2), pages 181-199, October.
    5. Philipp Ackermann, 2010. "External Price Benchmarking vs. Price Negotiation for Pharmaceuticals," Diskussionsschriften dp1004, Universitaet Bern, Departement Volkswirtschaft.
    6. Izabela Jelovac, 2015. "On the relationship between the negotiated prices of pharmaceuticals and the patients' co-payment," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 35(1), pages 481-493.
    7. Klibanoff Peter & Kundu Tapas, 2010. "Monopoly Pricing under a Medicaid-Style Most-Favored-Customer Clause and Its Welfare Implication," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-43, August.
    8. Kanavos, Panos, 2019. "Does external reference pricing deliver what it promises? Evidence on its impact at national level," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 101522, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    9. Grepperud, Sverre & Pedersen, Pål Andreas, 2020. "Positioning and negotiations: The case of pharmaceutical pricing," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    10. Gamba, S.; & Pertile, P.; & Righetti, G.;, 2022. "Spillovers of Pharmaceutical Price Regulations: evidence from the AMNOG Reform in Germany," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 22/20, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
    11. Panos Kanavos & Anna-Maria Fontrier & Jennifer Gill & Olina Efthymiadou, 2020. "Does external reference pricing deliver what it promises? Evidence on its impact at national level," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 21(1), pages 129-151, February.
    12. Charitini Stavropoulou & Tommaso Valletti, 2015. "Compulsory licensing and access to drugs," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 16(1), pages 83-94, January.

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    JEL classification:

    • L65 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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