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A dynamic analysis of recent changes in the rate of part-time employment

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  • Donald R. Williams

Abstract

The part-time employment rate has declined since the early 1980s, especially among females. This paper examines the decline over the 1980-1990 period, with a focus on the gender differential, using gross change data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Monthly transition rates between full-time employment, part-time employment, unemployment, and nonparticipation are estimated according to sex. Trend and cyclical analysis of the transition rates is conducted to identify the sources of part-time employment-rate trends and to explore gender differentials in them. The results suggest that the decline in the rate of part-time employment among females is not so much because unemployed females are more likely to move into full-time employment, but rather because females have become more likely to move from part-time to full-time employment and, most important, because they have become less likely to leave full-time employment once they get there.

Suggested Citation

  • Donald R. Williams, 1991. "A dynamic analysis of recent changes in the rate of part-time employment," Working Papers (Old Series) 9120, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedcwp:9120
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kenneth Burdett, 1981. "A Markov Model of Employment," Discussion Papers 483, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science.
    2. Stephen T. Marston, 1976. "Employment Instability and High Unemployment Rates," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 7(1), pages 169-210.
    3. Larry DeBoer & Michael C. Seeborg, 1989. "The Unemployment Rates of Men and Women: A Transition Probability Analysis," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 42(3), pages 404-414, April.
    4. Blank, Rebecca M, 1989. "The Role of Part-Time Work in Women's Labor Market Choices over Time," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 79(2), pages 295-299, May.
    5. Ruhm, Christopher J, 1990. "Bridge Jobs and Partial Retirement," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 8(4), pages 482-501, October.
    6. Abowd, John M & Zellner, Arnold, 1985. "Estimating Gross Labor-Force Flows," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 3(3), pages 254-283, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. J. A. Jacobs, "undated". "Trends in wages, underemployment, and mobility among part-time workers," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1021-93, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty.

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    Keywords

    Labor supply; Employment (Economic theory);

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