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The Unemployment Rates of Men and Women: A Transition Probability Analysis

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  • Larry DeBoer
  • Michael C. Seeborg

Abstract

Women's unemployment rates were considerably higher than men's for many years, but during the 1980s this difference has virtually disappeared. This study is the first to examine that change through an analysis of trends in the probabilities of labor force transitions — movements between employment, unemployment, and nonparticipation in the labor force. Using BLS data, the authors find that about half of the narrowing of the unemployment rate differential during the 1968–85 period was due to the increasing labor force attachment of women and the decreasing attachment of men. The other half reflects changes in men's and women's tendencies to move between employment and unemployment, which the authors attribute primarily to the secular decline of male-dominated industries.

Suggested Citation

  • Larry DeBoer & Michael C. Seeborg, 1989. "The Unemployment Rates of Men and Women: A Transition Probability Analysis," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 42(3), pages 404-414, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:ilrrev:v:42:y:1989:i:3:p:404-414
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Donald R. Williams, 1991. "A dynamic analysis of recent changes in the rate of part-time employment," Working Papers (Old Series) 9120, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    2. repec:ebl:ecbull:v:5:y:2007:i:23:p:1-10 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. M. Badgett, 1994. "Rising black unemployment: Changes in job stability or in employability?," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 22(3), pages 55-75, March.
    4. Marianna Belloc & Riccardo Tilli, 2013. "Unemployment by gender and gender catching-up: Empirical evidence from the Italian regions," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 92(3), pages 481-494, August.
    5. Lauerová, Jana Stefanová & Terrell, Katherine, 2002. "Explaining Gender Differences in Unemployment with Micro Data on Flows in Post-Communist Economies," IZA Discussion Papers 600, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Herve Queneau & Amit Sen, 2009. "Regarding the unemployment gap by race and gender in the United States," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 29(4), pages 2749-2757.
    7. Marianna Belloc & Riccardo Tilli, 2010. "Gender Unemployment Catching-up: Empirical Evidence from Italian Regions," CESifo Working Paper Series 3300, CESifo.
    8. Wamuthenya, W.R., 2010. "To what extent can disparities in compositional and structural factors account for the gender gap in unemployment in the urban areas of Kenya?," ISS Working Papers - General Series 19752, International Institute of Social Studies of Erasmus University Rotterdam (ISS), The Hague.
    9. Tasci, H. Mehmet & Tansel, Aysit, 2005. "Unemployment and Transitions in the Turkish Labor Market: Evidence from Individual Level Data," IZA Discussion Papers 1663, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Brian Silverstone, 2001. "Some Aspects of Labour Market Flows in New Zealand 1986-2001," Working Papers in Economics 01/02, University of Waikato.
    11. Ana Carolina Ortega Masagué, 2006. "El diferencial entre las tasas de desempleo de hombres y mujeres en Argentina," Working Papers 2006-08, FEDEA.
    12. Madhu Mohanty, 1998. "Do US employers discriminate against females when hiring their employees?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(11), pages 1471-1482.
    13. Madhu S. Mohanty, 2003. "An Alternative Explanation for the Equality of Male and Female Unemployment Rates in the U.S. Labor Market in the Late 1980s," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 29(1), pages 69-92, Winter.
    14. Amit Sen & Herve Queneau, 2007. "Evidence Regarding Persistence in the Gender Unemployment Gap Based on the Ratio of Female to Male Unemployment Rate," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 5(23), pages 1-10.
    15. Franciscos Koutentakis, 2015. "Gender Unemployment Dynamics: Evidence from Ten Advanced Economies," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 29(1), pages 15-31, March.
    16. Rives, Janet M. & Sosin, Kim, 2002. "Occupations and the cyclical behavior of gender unemployment rates," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 287-299.
    17. Brian Silverstone & Will Bell, 2011. "Gross Labour Market Flows in New Zealand: Some Questions and Answers," Working Papers in Economics 11/15, University of Waikato.

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